συνοδικός
March 17 / March 4
2019 (7527)
ST. GERASIMUS OF THE JORDAN (475). ST. JULIAN, PATRIARCH OF ALEXANDRIA (189). ST. JAMES THE FASTER OF PHOENICIA (SYRIA) (6TH C.). MARTYR WENCESLAUS, PRINCE OF THE CZECHS (938). BLESSED BASIL (BASILKO), PRINCE OF ROSTOV (1238)
Μεγάλη Τεσσαρακοστή • GREAT 40 DAYS • Μεγάλη Νηστεία • GREAT FAST
DAY 7
First Sunday of the Great Lent: TRIUMPH OF ORTHODOXY
On the same day, the First Sunday of the Fast, we commemorate the restoration of the Holy and Honorable Icons, which was brought about by the ever-memorable Emperors of Constantinople, Michael and his mother Theodora, during the Patriarchate of the Holy Confessor Methodios.
• 900 MM at Rome on the Appian Way (260) buried in the catacombs of Callistus on the Appian Way in Rome
The Appian Way (Latin and Italian: Via Appia) was one of the earliest and strategically most important Roman roads of the ancient republic. It connected Rome to Brindisi, in southeast Italy. The Catacomb(s) of Callixtus (also known as the Cemetery of Callixtus) is one of the Catacombs of Rome on the Appian Way, most notable for containing the Crypt of the Popes (Italian: Cappella dei Papi), which once contained the tombs of several popes from the 2nd to 4th centuries.
• Holy Martyrs PAUL 保罗 and his sister JULIANA 犹利亚纳 of Ptolemais; and QUADRATUS 卦德拉特, ACACIUS 阿喀基 and STRATONICUS 斯特拉托尼科; at Ptolemaïs of Syria (273) // MAR 4 // AUG 17 //
Οἱ Ἅγιοι Παῦλος καὶ Ἰουλιανὴ οἱ Μάρτυρες
Οἱ Ἅγιοι Ἀκάκιος, Κοδράτος καὶ Στρατόνικος οἱ Μάρτυρες
圣殉道者帕弗罗和犹利亚纳
帕弗罗和犹利亚纳是亲兄妹，是腓尼基的托勒密斯人。为了基督的缘故，他们遭到了暴君奥雷里乌斯的残暴对待，后来被斩首。兄妹两人在殉道前所施行的奇迹，很多异教徒亲眼目睹，由此，很多人皈依了基督。其中的一部分人也遭到了斩首，但他们却得到了天国的冠冕。此事发生在公元273年。
Paul and Juliana were brother and sister from Ptolemais in Phoenicia. They were brutally tortured for the sake of Christ by the Emperor Aurelius and were finally beheaded. Before their martyrdom many of their miracles were manifested, and were witnessed by many pagans. Through these miracles, many of the pagans were converted to the Faith. Several of these were beheaded and received their wreaths in the year 273 A.D.
• Hieromartyr ADRIAN (Magirdle), Bishop of Saint Andrew's, bishop on the Isle of May in the Firth of Forth in Scotland (875) martyred together with other monks, also bishop STALBRAND, GEODIANUS, CAIUS, CLODIAN and perhaps 6 600 Companions by the Danes on the Isle of May, Scotland
When the Danes, in the 9th century, made frequent descents upon the coast of Scotland, plundered several provinces, and massacred great part of the inhabitants, this holy pastor often softened their fury, and converted several among them to Christ. In a most cruel invasion of these pirates, he withdrew into the isle of May, in the bay of the river Forth; but the barbarians plundering also that island, discovered him there, and slew him with another bishop named Stalbrand, and a great number of others: the Aberdeen Breviary says 6 600. This massacre happened in the reign of Constantine II. in the year 874. A great monastery was built of polished stone in honour of St Adrian, in the isle of May, the church of which, enriched with his relics, was a place of great devotion.
• Saints of Pskov martyred by the Latins: Hosiosmartyrs IOASAPH 约阿萨法 of Snetogorsk Monastery, and BASIL 瓦西里 of Mirozh Monastery (1299)
Οἱ Ἅγιοι Βασίλειος καὶ Ἰωάσαφ οἱ Ὁσιομάρτυρες
• Commemoration of Elder THEODOSIUS of Pochaev (1906)
• Hieromartyr MICHAEL Kargopolov, Priest of Krasnoyarsk (1919)
• Hieromartyr Archpriest DIMITRY 迪弥特里 Ivanov, of Kiev (1933)
• Hieromartyr Priest VYACHESLAV 维雅切斯拉夫 Leontiev, of Nizhegorod (1937)
• Martyr JOHN of Al-Sindiyana, Palestine (1937)
• Hieromartyr ALEXANDER 亚历山大 Likharev, presbiter, priest (1876-1938) day of death in KZ, Suslovo station of Krasnojarsk railway, Siblag NKVD, Kemerovo
• Repose of Schemanun AGNIA (Alexandra Starodubtseva) Eldress of Karaganda, iconograher and painter (1884-1976)
• APPIAN (800) born in Liguria in Italy, he became a monk at the monastery of St Peter of Ciel d'Oro in Pavia in Italy. Eventually he became a hermit in Commacchio on the shores of the Adriatic and brought Christ to that region
• Blessed Rightbelieving Martyr BASIL (Basilko 瓦西尔科) 瓦西里 prince of Rostov (1238)
Ὁ Ἅγιος Βασίλειος βασιλεὺς Ροστὼβ τῆς Ρωσίας
• Sainted BASINUS bishop of Trier (705)
Monk and Abbot of St Maximin in Trier in Germany, he succeeded St Numerian as bishop of the city.
• Rightbelieving DANIEL 但以理 prince of Moscow (1303) the fourth son of Saint Alexander Nevsky (30 August and 23 November) and Righteous Vassa
Ὁ Ἅγιος Δανιὴλ ὁ Πρίγκιπας
• FELIX of Rhuys (1038) born near Quimper in Brittany, he became a hermit on Ouessant and afterwards a monk at Fleury (Saint-Benoit-sur-Loire) in France. He restored the monastery of Rhuys, founded by St Gildas, which had been destroyed by the Vikings
• Venerable GERASIMUS 革拉息默 of the Jordan (475)
Ὁ Ὅσιος Γεράσιμος ὁ Ἰορδανίτης
可敬的革拉息默
起初，这位声明卓著的圣人在埃及的特拜德潜心修行，而后到了约旦，在那里建立了一座能够容纳70名修士的修道院，至今这座修道院仍然存在。他定下了一套特别的规矩：要修士们用5天的时间在庵室中编织篮子，并用芦苇和灯芯草编织席子，期间不允许庵室内生火，只允许进食少量的干面包和大枣。他们不允许在房门上锁，这样，如果他们有事外出，其他人也可以自由进入，拿自己需要的东西。到了星期五和安息日，众人到修道院的教堂集合，并一同进餐。席上有少量的蔬菜和一些葡萄酒，以示对上帝的感恩。然后每一位修士就要将过去5天的所得放到修道院院长的跟前。每人只可以拥有一件袍子，革拉息默也不例外。大斋期期间，革拉息默什么都不吃，除了领圣体血之外。有一次，他发现一头狮子因脚掌上有一颗木刺而痛苦地吼叫，于是他走上前去，自己划了十字，动手将木刺从狮子的脚掌中拔了出来。这头狮子变得非常温顺，竟然同他一同返回修道院，并留在修道院不再离开，直到他去世为止。革拉息默去世的时候，这头狮子也伤心而致死。革拉息默参加了第四次普世大公会议（公元451年卡尔西顿），当时正是玛尔基安和普鲁谢里亚在位期间。起初，革拉息默也倾向于优迪克和狄奥斯科鲁斯的基督一性论派。在这次大公会议上，东正教获得了胜利，他在这次会议上勇敢地捍卫了正教信仰。在圣艾弗提弥的劝说下，他摒弃了异端邪说。在革拉息默的所有门徒当中，最有名的就是圣隐士塞里亚库斯。圣革拉息默于公元475年去世，得以进入基督永生的国度。
• Venerable monk GERASIMUS 革拉息默 of Vologda (1178)
Ὁ Ὅσιος Γεράσιμος ἐκ Ρωσίας
• Confessor GISTILIAN (Gistlian) (5-6th c.) the uncle of St David and a monk at Menevia, or St Davids, in Wales // MAR 2 //
• Sainted GREGORY 格里高利 bishop of Constantia in Cyprus (759)
• GREGORY 格里高利 bishop of Assos near Ephesus (1150)
Ὁ Ὅσιος Γρηγόριος Ἐπίσκοπος Ἄσσου
• Venerable JAMES 雅各 the Faster, hermit, of Phoenicia in Syria (537)
斋戒者，圣雅科弗
雅科弗生活在公元6世纪。因其行为处事而讨上帝的喜悦，由此，通过他的祷告医治好了许多疑难病症。但是人类的敌人却使他陷入大的诱惑之中。有一次，一些耻笑基督教的人指使一个坏女人到他那里去。她一心打算引诱他，却摆出一副可怜楚楚、哭哭啼啼的样子。雅科弗知道自己会陷入罪恶之中，于是他将自己的左手放在火中直到烧焦了为止。这个女人被吓得目瞪口呆，从而知罪悔改。但是雅科弗并没有逃脱另外的一次诱惑，反而同被她医治好的一名精神病少女苟合起来。当时，这个患有精神病的少女在父母的陪同下来到雅科弗那里。雅科弗为她医治好了病症，但是他却被这个少女迷住了。为了掩饰他的罪，他竟然将这个少女给杀死了，并将尸体仍到了河中。因为奸淫同谋杀通常是连在一起的。为了悔改，雅科弗在一个墓地居住了10年之久。当时在地上有大的饥荒，人和牲畜都处在困境之中。雅科弗为此进行祷告，在他的祷告下果真下雨了。由此，他明白了上帝已经原谅了他的罪。从这个同大卫王有相似之处的例子可以看出魔鬼的诡计多端，从而也可以看出，多么伟大的灵修巨人，上帝都允许他们失足；然而，只要人能够深切地进行悔改，充满仁慈的上帝仍赦免他们的罪过，不再对那些自我惩罚的人进行惩罚。
• JULIAN 犹利安 patriarch of Alexandria (189)
• Bishop LEONARD of Avranches (614)
In his early years he lived badly, but once converted, largely by the prayers of his mother, he was elected Bishop of Avranches.
• Hieromartyr LUCIUS I (254) succeeded St Cornelius as Pope of Rome in 253 and was at once sent into exile
• Repose of Schemamonk MARK of Glinsk Hermitage (1893)
• MUKNA (Muicin, Mukinus) Bishop of Maighin (Moyne), County of Mayo (5-6th c.)
• Hermit OWEN (Owin, Ouini) of Lichfield (680) // MAR 3 //
After working as a steward in the household of St Audrey (Etheldred), he became a monk at Lastingham in England with St Chad. When the latter became Bishop of Mercia, he settled St Owen with other monks at a monastery near Lichfield.
• Holy Hierarch PATRICK the Bishop of Armagh Enlightener of the Irish Lands; Romano-British Christian missionary and bishop in Ireland (493) known as the "Apostle of Ireland", he is the primary Patron Saint of Ireland, along with saints Brigit of Kildare and Columba
Ο Άγιος Πατρίκιος
St Patrick was born somewhere on (N) W coast of Britain. He had a Roman name; his father was a deacon, his grandfather a priest in the British church. They lived in a city, had some wealth, even a villa. At the age of 16 Patrick was taken captive by pagan raiders and sold into slavery in Ireland; he escaped, got on a boat, and eventually got back to Britain. He returned to Ireland many years later, with companions, as a missionary. He preached, baptised and ordained extensively. He wrote a "Confession" of faith and also a Letter "to Coroticus". His "Confession" provides perhaps the most original and vigorous testimony to apostolic labours since St Paul. St Patrick does not tell us where he went overseas. A "Saying" of his, apparently preserved, runs: "The fear of God I had as my guide through Gaul and Italy and the islands of the Tyrrhene Sea". But where we do not know. Perhaps his travels in Gaul, which he mentions in his Confession, made him familiar with monastic life. St Patrick's two "Lives" by Muirchu and Tirechan written possibly between 661-668 and 665-680 claim to be using oral tradition from known people; the "Tripartite" Life ("3 parts", for public reading) is dated c 895-901. By this time Patrick attains a fame which eclipses that of all others. People now regarded him as intercessor and patron of all Ireland. He also became an extensive role model for the evangelisation of Europe. At first Patrick may have had a small wooden church in Armagh and made it his centre at least for a time; later a stone one was built where the present Church of Ireland Cathedral stands. Places mentioned so far are mainly in the North East. Places from Donegal to Tipperary lay claim to visits from St Patrick. Some 60 churches lay claim to have had bishops ordained by him.
Legend has it that St Patrick was responsible for ridding the Emerald Isle of snakes; but more importantly, it is said that Patrick used the shamrock as a symbol to explain the Trinity to Unbelievers, i.e., how God is One God in Three Persons. "Go ye therefore, and teach all nations, baptizing them in the Name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Ghost" (Matthew 28:19). Patrick would hold up a shamrock and challenge his hearers, "Is it one leaf or three?" "It is both one leaf and three," was their reply. "And so it is with God," he would conclude. St Patrick used a shamrock to visualize the mystery of the Trinity, how a single plant with three leaves is analogous to the one Triune God with three separate and distinct Persons.
St Patrick is said to have landed somewhere in the North. At Downpatrick Co Down a stone in the graveyard of the Church of Ireland Cathedral marks the spot where, it is said, relics of Patrick, Bridget and Columba, were buried. This may be a result of the gathering up of relics by Normans who wanted to show they were legitimate holders of authority. Traditions about his burial place however are late. St Patrick worked for 30 years and is said to have founded many churches, bishoprics and monasteries.
"I journeyed among you, and everywhere, for your sake, often in danger, even to the outermost parts beyond which there is nothing, places where no one had ever arrived to baptise or ordain clergy or confirm the people" (Confessio, 51). St Patrick's Day is a holiday in the Republic of Ireland, Northern Ireland, Newfoundland and Labrador and Montserrat.
• PETER 彼得 Michurin (Peter of Tomsk) youth of Tobolsk, Siberia (1820) • Bishop PHILIP of Cluain Bainbh
• Venerabless WALBURGA Nun at Herswerde and Abbess of Neuenheerse, Netherland (891)
• Translation (938) of relics of Rightbelieving Martyr WENCESLAUS 文凯斯劳 prince of the Czechs (935) a grandson of the holy Martyress and Princess Liudmila (16 September) // MAR 4 // SEP 28 //
Μετακομιδὴ Τιμίων Λειψάνων Ἁγίου Βιασεσλάβου Πρίγκιπα τῆς Ρωσίας
On September 28, 935, when Saint Wenceslaus went to Matins, he was wickedly murdered at the doors of the church by his own brother and his brother’s servants. His body was stabbed and discarded without burial. The mother, hearing of the murder of her son, found and placed his body in a recently consecrated church at the princely court. They were not able to wash off the blood splashed on the church doors, but after three days it disappeared by itself. After repenting of his sin, the murderer transferred the relics of Saint Wenceslaus to Prague, where they were placed in the church of Saint Vitus, which the martyr himself had constructed. The memory of Prince Wenceslaus is honored from of old in the Russian Orthodox Church.
SYNAXARION
When Leo the Isaurian, from being a donkey-driver and a peasant, gained the scepters of the Empire, by God’s permission, our Father among the Saints Germanos, who governed the Church at that time, was immediately summoned by him and was told: “In my opinion, Master, the holy Icons do not differ in any way from idols; command, therefore, that they be removed from our midst; if they are true images of the Saints, let them be hung higher up, lest we who ever wallow in sins defile them by kissing them.” The Patriarch tried to dissuade the Emperor from such hatred, saying: “Do not do such a thing, O Emperor; for I hear that someone by the name of Conon is going to rage against the holy Icons.” “When I was still a child,” the Emperor replied, “that was my name.”
Since the Patriarch could not be persuaded to agree to the Emperor’s policy, he was sent into exile and replaced by Anastasios, who shared Leo’s views; thus was the latter emboldened to make war at that time against the holy Icons. It is said that this hatred for the Icons was first suggested to him by Jews; when he was poor and was making a living from donkey-driving with them, they had foretold by sorcery that he would ascend the imperial throne. After Leo died an evil death, Constantine Copronymos, the still more savage whelp that sprang from him, succeeded him as ruler, and even more, in his maniacal opposition to the holy Icons. And what need have we to say how many and what kind of evils the iniquitous man perpetrated? When Constantine died a still more horrible death, his son, Leo the Khazar, became his successor as Emperor. When he, too, died an evil death, his consort Irene and their son Constantine inherited the Empire. Guided by the most holy Patriarch Tarasios, they convened the Seventh OEcumenical Synod, and the Church of Christ received back the holy Icons. When they ceased to rule, Nikephoros, the Logothete of the Treasury, ascended to the throne, and then his son Stavrakios; after him reigned Michael Rangabe, and they both venerated the Divine Icons. Michael was succeeded by the bestial Leo the Armenian, who, corrupted through trickery by a certain impious recluse, stirred up the second wave of Iconoclasm, and once again the Church of God was deprived of her finery. Leo was succeeded by Michael the Amorian, and he in turn by his son Theophilos, who left the other devotees of Iconoclastic madness in second place.
It is said of this Theophilos, who had given many of the Holy Fathers over to outrageous torments and chastisements on account of the precious Icons, was keenly concerned about justice, that at one time he inquired whether there was anyone in the city who had harassed one of his fellow-citizens, and that, after many days had gone by, no one of this description was found.
After an autocratic reign of twelve years, he succumbed to dysentery, and, when he was about to die, his mouth opened up to such an extent that his entrails were visible deep inside. The Empress Theodora was greatly distressed over this incident; no sooner had she fallen asleep, than she beheld in a dream the immaculate Theotokos, holding the pre-eternal Infant in her arms, surrounded by shining Angels, and Theophilos, her husband, being scourged and rebuked by the Angels. When she awoke, Theophilos, recovering slightly, cried out: “Woe is me, the wretched one! I am being scourged on account of the holy Icons!” The Empress immediately placed the Icon of the Theotokos on him, beseeching her with tears. As for Theophilos, although he was in such a condition, when he saw one of those standing around wearing an Enkolpion, he grabbed it and kissed it, and at once, the mouth which had insolently raged against the Icons and the throat which was lying so wantonly open returned to their natural state. Theophilos, gaining respite from the violent pain that had gripped him, fell asleep, confessing that it is a good thing to honor and venerate the holy Icons. The Empress brought out the precious and holy Icons from her coffers and made Theophilos kiss and honor them wholeheartedly. After a short while, Theophilos reposed. Recalling all who were in exile or in prisons, Theodora bade them live in freedom, and John Grammatikos, nicknamed Jannes, who was more a mantiarch and demoniarch than a Patriarch, was deposed from the Patriarchal throne. Saint Methodios, the Confessor of Christ, who had previously suffered much and been confined alive in a tomb, ascended the throne.
This being the situation, a Divine visitation was made to Saint Ioannikios the Great, who dwelt on Mount Olympos; for the great ascetic Arsakios came to him, saying: “God sent me to you, so that we may go together to the most holy recluse Isaiah in Nicomedia and learn from him what is pleasing to God and fitting for His Church.” And indeed, they went to the most holy Isaiah and heard from him the following: “Thus says the Lord: Lo, the end has come for the enemies of Mine Icon; go, therefore, to the Empress Theodora and also to Patriarch Methodios and tell them this: ‘Curb all of the ungodly, and may you thus offer Me a sacrifice, together with the Angels, venerating the Icon of My countenance and that of the Cross.’”
On hearing this, they went straight to Constantinople and reported what they had been told to Patriarch Methodios and all the elect of God. After gathering together, they went to the Empress, and found her amenable in every way, for from her childhood she had been pious and God-loving. At once the Empress took out the Icon of the Theotokos that was hanging round her neck and kissed it in the sight of all, saying: “If anyone does not venerate and kiss these Icons out of love, according them relative honor, not worshipping them, and honoring them not as gods, but as Icons of their archetypes, let him be anathema.” They all rejoiced greatly. She in turn asked them to make supplication for her husband Theophilos. On seeing her faith, although they disowned Theophilos, they were nonetheless convinced. Saint Methodios assembled all the people, all the clergy, and the Hierarchs in the Great Church, and went there himself. Leading figures from Olympos, Saint Ioannikios the Great, Arsakios, and Navkratios, and also the disciples of Saint Theodore the Studite, the Confessor Theophanes the Branded, Michael Synkellos from the Holy City of Jerusalem, and very many others, made supplication to God all night long for Theophilos, all praying with tears and fervent entreaty; and they did this throughout the first week of the Fast. Empress Theodora did the same together with the women of the court and rest of the people.
This being so, Empress Theodora fell asleep at dawn on Friday, and it seemed to her that she was standing beside a large Cross and that certain men were traversing the road and creating a tumult, carrying various instruments of torture; in the midst of them, the Emperor Theophilos was being led in fetters, with his hands tied behind his back. On recognizing him, she followed after those who were leading him. When they reached the Bronze Gate, she saw there a Man of magnificent appearance, seated in front of the Icon of Christ, before Whom they placed Theophilos. Grasping His feet, the Empress entreated Him on behalf of the Emperor. Opening His mouth with reluctance, He said: “Great is your faith, O Lady; know, therefore, that on account of your tears and your faith, and also on account of the supplication and entreaty of My servants and My Priests, I am granting forgiveness to your husband, Theophilos.” He then said to those who were leading him away: “Release him and hand him over to his wife.” After receiving him, she departed, rejoicing; and at once she awoke. Such was the vision of Empress Theodora.
After the prayers and supplications for her husband had finished, Patriarch Methodios took a clean piece of parchment, and wrote on it the names of the heretical emperors, inserting that of Theophilos also, and placed them all beneath the Holy Table. On Friday, he, too, saw an awesome Angel entering the Great Church, who said to him: “Your entreaty has been heard, O Bishop, and Emperor Theophilos has obtained forgiveness. Henceforth, therefore, cease to trouble God about him.” Wishing to find out whether what he had seen in the vision was true, he descended from his throne. Taking the scroll, he unrolled it and—O the judgments of God!—found that the name of Theophilos had been completely erased by God.
On learning of this, the Empress rejoiced exceedingly and sent a message to the Patriarch that he should assemble all the people, with Relics of the Precious Cross and holy Icons, in the Great Church, so that the adornment of the holy Icons might be restored to the Church and that the wondrous miracle might be made known to all. And indeed, almost everyone assembled in the Church with candles, and the Empress arrived with her son. Starting from there, they all processed with the holy Icons, the Relics of the Precious Cross, and the Holy Gospel, until they reached a place called Milion, crying out: “Lord, have mercy.” Thereafter, they returned to the Church and celebrated the Divine Liturgy, the holy and venerable Icons having been put back in place by the aforementioned holy men. Those who were pious and right-believing were acclaimed, while the impious enemies of the Faith, who did not accept the veneration of the holy Icons, were denounced and consigned to anathema. These holy Confessors appointed that this sacred solemnity thenceforth be celebrated annually, lest we should ever fall again into such impiety.
O Thou Who art the exact Image of the Father, by the intercessions of Thy holy Confessors, have mercy on us. Amen.
In the Name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.
O God, be merciful to me, a sinner.
愿上帝怜恤我罪人
O Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God,
for the sake of the prayers
of Thy most pure Mother,
our holy and God-bearing fathers and all the saints, have mercy on us.
Amen.
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Blessed be God.
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