συνοδικός
March 24 / March 11
2019 (7527)
ST. GREGORY PALAMAS THE ARCHBISHOP OF THESSALONICA. SYNAXIS OF ALL VENERABLE FATHERS OF THE KYIV CAVES
ST. SOPHRONIUS, PATRIARCH OF JERUSALEM (638). HIEROMARTYR PIONIUS OF SMYRNA AND THOSE WITH HIM (250). TRANSLATION OF THE RELICS OF MARTYR EPIMACHUS OF PELUSIUM TO CONSTANTINOPLE (250). ST. SOPHRONIUS, RECLUSE OF THE KYIV CAVES (13TH C.)
Μεγάλη Τεσσαρακοστή • GREAT 40 DAYS • Μεγάλη Νηστεία • GREAT FAST
Second Sunday of the Great Lent. THE SUNDAY OF ST GREGORY PALAMAS DAY 14
It was St Gregory (November 14), who bore witness that by prayer and fasting human beings can become participants of the uncreated light of God's divine glory even in this life. After his glorification in 1368, a second commemoration of St Gregory Palamas was appointed for this Second Sunday of Great Lent as a second Triumph of Orthodoxy. It celebrates the condemnation of St Gregory's enemies and the vindication of his teachings by the Church.
• "LAUDATION OF THE VIRGIN" Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos (625)
• Miraculous Myrrhgusher Icon of Panagia OF THE SALUTATIONS, Dionysiou Monastery, Mount Athos
According to an inscription on the back of this icon, it was given as a gift to Saint Dionysius, founder of the Holy Monastery of Dionysiou on Mount Athos, by Emperor Alexios Komnenos, upon his visit to Trebizond in Asia Minor. According to Holy Tradition, this is the same icon that Patriarch Sergius processed around the walls of Constantinople in 626 A.D. during the reign of Emperor Heraclius. At that time Constantinople was attacked by the Persians and "Scythians" (Avars and Slavs) but saved through the intervention of the Most Holy Theotokos. A sudden hurricane dispersed the fleet of the enemy, casting the vessels on the shore near the great Church of the Theotokos at Blachernae near the Golden Horn. The people spent the whole night in front of this icon thanking her for the unexpected deliverance. In memory of this event the Akathist Hymn is chanted in the Orthodox Church. In 1592 Algerian pirates stole the icon, but after a fierce storm, a frightening dream, and a great miracle, the leader of the pirates was forced to return it to the monastery. They had hid it in a chest, but the icon shattered it and it was drenched in myrrh. Because of this miracle, some pirates repented and entered the monastery to become monastics. In 1767 certain theives from Dalmatia stole the icon, and upon their return to Dalmatia were apprehended by Greek shepherds who took the icon and brought it to Skopelos. On Skopelos island the Greek community leaders elected by the Turks, known as Dimogerontes, denied to the Dionysian monks from Mount Athos the return of the icon when they came to request its return. After three months Skopelos was punished by a plague which brought great tragedy to the island, and the Dimogerontes repented and had the icon returned to Dionysiou Monastery and also established a metochion for the monastery on the island. The icon is small and darkened by time. It is housed in a chapel dedicated to the icon at Dionysiou Monastery where the Akathist Hymn is sung daily.
Panagia herself, appearing to the Saints has said: "I will love, I will protect, I will shelter every faithful person who greets me every day that he us able with the beautiful hymns of My Salutations, and who lives in accordance with the law of God. And on the last day of his life, I will defend him before My Son."
• The Icon of Panagia TSAMBIKA in Rhodes located at the Holy Monastery Panagia Kykkos in Cyprus called Panagia of the Childless
基輔洞窟修道院 是位於烏克蘭首都基輔的一座修道院。修道院修建於1051年，當時烏克蘭處於基輔大公國時代。自中世紀至近代，修道院都對烏克蘭的宗教、教育和學術有巨大的影響。
The word pechera means cave. The word lavra is used to describe high-ranking male monasteries for monks of the Eastern Orthodox Church. Therefore, the name of the monastery is also translated as Kiev Cave Monastery, Kiev Caves Monastery or the Kiev Monastery of the Caves. According to the Primary Chronicle, in the early 11th century, Anthony, an Orthodox monk from Esphigmenon monastery on Mount Athos, originally from Liubech of the Principality of Chernihiv, returned to Rus’ and settled in Kiev as a missionary of monastic tradition to Kievan Rus’. He chose a cave at the Berestov Mount that overlooked the Dnieper River and a community of disciples soon grew. Prince Iziaslav I of Kiev ceded the whole mount to the Antonite monks who founded a monastery built by architects from Constantinople. The Kiev Pechersk Lavra caverns are a very complex system of narrow underground corridors (about 1-1½ metres wide and 2-2½ metres high), along with numerous living quarters and underground chapels. In 1051, the monk Anthony settled in an old cave in a hill near the Kiev Pechersk Lavra. This cave received additions including corridors and a church, and is now what we know as the Far Caves. In 1057, Anthony moved to a cave near the Upper Lavra, now called the Near Caves. Foreign travellers in the 16th–17th centuries wrote that the catacombs of the Lavra stretched for hundreds of kilometres, reaching as far as Moscow and Novgorod, spreading awareness of the Kiev Pechersk Lavra.
There are over a hundred burials in the Lavra. Below are the most notable ones:
Righteous Venerable Fathers and Saints of the NEAR KIEV CAVES of the Pechersk Lavra (Cave Monastery of the Dormition of Teotokos) in Kiev, Ukraine. Venerated in the Near Caves of Saint Anthony:
• Monk ANTHONY the First-Founder (983-1073) a monk and the founder of the monastic tradition in the Kievan Rus'. Also called Anthony of the Caves he, together with Theodosius of Kiev, co-founded Kiev Pechersk Lavra (Kiev Monastery of the Caves) // JUL 10 // SEP 2 //
• Monk ABRAMIUS the Lover of Labor of the Pechersk Lavra (Cave Monastery of the Dormition of Teotokos) in Kiev, Ukraine (12-13th c.) at St Anthony Near Caves of the Lavra // AUG 21 //
• Monk ABRAMIUS the Recluse (12-13th c.) // OCT 29 //
• Monk AGAPITUS the Unmercenary Physician (1095) // JUN 1 //
• Monk ALEXIS the Recluse (13th c.) // APR 24 //
• Monk ALYPIUS the Iconographer (1114) // AUG 17 //
• Martyr ANASTASIUS the Deacon (12th c.) // JAN 22 //
• Monk ANATOLIUS the Recluse (12th c.) // JUL 3 //
• Monk ARETHAS the Recluse (1195) // OCT 24 //
• Monk ATHANASIUS the Recluse (1176) // DEC 2 //
• Igumen BARLAAM (1065) // NOV 19 //
• Hieromonk DAMIAN the Healer (1071) // OCT 5 //
• Monk ELIAS of Murom (1188) // DEC 19 //
• Bishop EPHRAIM bishop of Pereyaslavl (1098) // JAN 28 //
• Monk ERASMUS the Black-robed (12th c.) // FEB 24 //
• Hosiosmartyr EUSTRATIUS (1097) // MAR 28 //
• Monk GREGORY the Iconographer (12th c.) // AUG 8 //
• Martyr GREGORY the Wonderworker (1093) // JAN 8 //
• Monk HELLADIUS the Recluse (12-13th c.) // OCT 4 //
• Monk ISAACIJ the Recluse (1090) // FEB 14 //
• Monk ISAIAH the Wonderworker (1115) // MAY 15 //
• Monk JEREMIAH the Clairvoyant (1070) // OCT 5 //
• Monk JOHN the Faster (12th c.) // DEC 7 //
• Childmartyr JOHN the Infant commemorated with the 14 000 Infants killed at Bethlehem by Herod // DEC 29 //
• Monk JOHN the Long-Suffering (1160) // JUL 18 //
• Nun JULIANA Princess of Olshansk (1550) // SEP 28 // JUL 6 //
• Hieromartyr KUKSHA Enlightener of the vyatichi (12th c.) // AUG 27 //
• Bishop LAURENCE the Recluse, Bishop of Turov (1194) // JAN 29 //
• Monk LUKE the Steward (13th c.) // NOV 6 //
• Monk MACARIUS the Faster (12th c.) // JAN 19 //
• Monk MARK the Grave-digger (12th c.) // DEC 29 //
• Monk MATTHEW the Clairvoyant (1085) // OCT 5 //
• Bishop MERCURIUS of Smolensk (1239) // AUG 7 //
• Hosiosmartyr MOSES the Hungarian (1043) // Jul 26 //
• Monk NECTARIUS the Obedient (12th c.) // NOV 29 //
• Monk NESTOR the Chronicler (1114) // OCT 27 //
• Monk NICHOLA Svyatosha, Prince of Chernigov (1143) // OCT 14 //
• Monk NICODEMUS the Prosphora-baker (12th c.) // OCT 31 //
• Igumen NIKON (1088) // MAR 23 //
• Monk NIKON the Thin (12th c.) // DEC 11 //
• Bishop NIPHONT of Novgorod (1156) // APR 8 //
• Monk ONESIMUS the Recluse (12-13th c.) // OCT 4 // JUL 21 //
• Monk ONESIPHORUS the Confessor (1148) // NOV 9 //
• Monk ONUPHRIUS the Silent (12th c.) // JUL 21 //
• Monk PIMEN the Faster (12th c.) // AUG 27 //
• Monk PIMEN the Much-ailing (1110) // AUG 7 //
• Archmandrite POLYCARP (1182) // JUL 24 //
• Monk PROCHORUS the Orach-eater (1107) // FEB 10 //
• Monk SAVA the God-pleasing (13th c.) // APR 24 //
• Monk SERGIUS the Obedient (13th c.) // OCT 7//
• Monk SIMON Bishop of Suzdal (1226) // MAY 10 //
• Monk SISOES the Recluse (12-13th c.) // OCT 24 //
• Monk SPYRIDON the Prosphora-baker (12th c.) // OCT 31 //
• Monk SYLVESTER the Wonderworker (12th c.) // JAN 2 //
• Monk THEOPHANES the Faster (12th c.) // OCT 11 //
• Monk THEOPHILUS the Recluse (12-13th c.) // OCT 24 //
• Hieromonk TITUS (1190) // FEB 27 //
• Hosiomartyrs BASIL and THEODORE (1098) // AUG 11 //
• Monks THEOPHILUS the Mourner and JOHN the God-pleasing (12th c.) put in the same grave // DEC 29 //
Righteous Venerable Fathers and Saints of the FAR KIEV CAVES of the Pechersk Lavra (Cave Monastery of the Dormition of Teotokos) in Kiev, Ukraine. Venerated in the Far Caves of Saint Theodosy:
• Igumen THEODOSIUS the Founder (1074) // MAY 3 // AUGUST 14 // SEPTEMBER 2 //
• ACHILLES the Deacon (14th c.) // JAN 4 //
• AGATHO the Wonderworker (13-14th c.) // FEB 20 //
• AMMON the Recluse (13th c.) // OCT 4 //
• ANATOLIUS the Recluse (13th c.) // JUL 3 //
• ARSENIUS the Diligent (14th c.) // MAY 8 //
• ATHANASIUS the Recluse (1264) // DEC 2
• BENJAMIN the Recluse (14th c.) // OCT 13 //
• CASSIAN the Recluse (13-14th c.) // AUG 28 //
• Hieromonk DIONYSIUS the Recluse, nicknamed the Chip (15th c.) // OCT 3 //
• Schemamonk EUTHYMIUS (14th c.) // JAN 20 //
• Youth GERONTIUS Canonarch of the Great Church of the Monastery of the Caves (14th c.) // APR 1 //
• GREGORY the Recluse and Wonderworker (14th c.) // JAN 8 //
• Schemamonk HILARION (1066) // OCT 21 //
• HYPATIUS the Healer (14th c.) // MAR 31 //
• Archimandrite IGNATIUS (1435) // DEC 20 //
• JOSEPH the Much-ailing (14th c.) // APR 4 //
• LAWRENCE the Recluse Wonderworker (13-14th c.) // JAN 20 //
• Youth LEONTIUS Canonarch of the Great Church of the Monastery of the Caves (14th c.) // JUN 18 //
• LONGINUS the Gatekeeper (13-14th c.) // OCT 16 //
• Presbyter LUCIAN (1240) endured martyrdom during the Batu invasion in 1239 // OCTOBER 15 //
• MAKARIUS the Deacon (13-14th c.) // JAN 19 //
• MARDARIUS the Recluse (13th c.) // DEC 13 //
• MARTYRIUS the Deacon (13-14th c.) // OCT 25 //
• MARTYRIUS the Recluse (13th c.) // OCT 25 //
• MERCURIUS the Faster (14th c.) // NOV 24 //
• MOSES the Wonderworker (13-14th c.) // JUL 28 //
• NESTOR the Unlearned; not the learned one who wrote the Russian Chronicles (14th c.) // OCT 27/28 //
• PAISIUS the Faster and God-pleasant (14th c.) // JUL 19 //
• PAMBO the Recluse (1241) // JUL 18 //
• Hieromonk PANCRATIUS the Recluse (13th c.) // FEB 9 //
• PAPHNUTIUS the Recluse (13th c.) // FEB 15 //
• PAUL the Obedient (13-14th c.) // SEP 10 //
• PIORIUS the Recluse (13-14th c.) // OCT 4 //
• POEMEN the Faster (1141) // MAY 8 //
• RUFUS the Recluse (14th c.) // APR 8 //
• SOPHRONIUS the Recluse (13th c.) // MAR 11 //
• Schemamonk SILOUAN (13-14th c.) // JUN 10 //
• Schemamonk SISOE (13th c.) // JUL 6 //
• THEODORE the Silent (13th c.) // FEB 17 //
• THEODORE (Monk Theodosius of the Kiev Caves) prince of Ostrog (1483) // AUGUST 11 //
• THEOPHILUS Archbishop of Novgorod (1482) // OCT 26 //
• TITUS a Warrior (14th c.) // FEB 27 //
• ZACHARY the Faster (13-14th c.) // MAR 24 //
• ZENO the Faster and hard laborer (14th c.) // JAN 30 //
• 12 Greek Master Builders of the Dormition Cathedral in the Lavra of the Monastery of the Kiev Caves (1091) in Kiev, Ukraine // FEB 14 //
• 30 Saints among the monks of the Kiev Caves, whose myrrh-producing heads were preserved
• Hieromartyr CLEMENCE Pope of Rome: his head in the Far Caves (his remaining relics brought to San Clemente in Rome by St Cyril and Methodius)
Also:
• EPHRAIM the Priest
• EUSTATHIUS
• DIONYSIUS Archbishop of Suzdal
• HIERONYMOS the Recluse and Wonderworker
• MELADIUS the holy Elder and Wonderworker
• PERGIUS holy Elder
• PAUL a monk of remarkable obedience
• The Priests MELETIUS, SERAPION, PHILARETOS, PETER
• The new Kiev Caves Fathers: THEOPHILUS, THEODOSIUS and JOHN the Cave-Dweller
• Sainted PAUL Metropolitain of Tobolsk (1770) // NOV 4 //
• Sainted PHILARET Metropolitain of Kiev (1857) // DEC 21 // • New Hieromartyr VLADIMIR Metropolitain of Kiev (1918) // JAN 25 //
• Venerables DOSITHEOS, TIMOTHEUS, AKINDYNOS Abbots of the Kiev Cave monastery
• Sainted PETR Mohila (Movilă) (1596 - 1646) metropolitan of Kiev, Galich and All Rus’, archmandrite of Kiev Caves; nfluential Romanian Orthodox theologian and reformer // JAN 1 // OCT 5 //
• Sainted PAKHOMIUS bishop of Romania (1674 - 1724) // APR 1 // APR 14 //
• Sainted MICHAEL 1st Metropolitain of Kiev (992) // SEP 30 // • Sainted HILARION Metropolitain of Kiev (1053) // OCT 21 // • Sainted PETR Metropolitain of Moskow and All Rus (1326) // DEC 21 // • Sainted ALEXIS Metropolitain of Kiev, Moskow and All Rus (1378) // FEB 12 // • Sainted JONAH Metropolitain of Moskow (1461) // MAR 31 // • Sainted PHILIPP Metropolitain of Moskow (1569) // JAN 9 // • Sainted PHOTIUS Metropolitain of Moskow (1431) // JUL 2 // • CYPRIAN Metropolitain of Moskow (1406) // SEP 16 // • EPHREM Bishop of Perejaslavl (1098) // JAN 28 // • NICHOLAS the Greek, Metropolitain of Kiev (1098–1101) • NICHOLAS Bishop of Perejaslavl (11th c.) • NICHOLAS Bishop of Tmutarakan • NIKITA Bishop of Novgorod (1108) // JAN 31 // • ISAIAH Bishop of Rostov (1090) // MAY 15 // • Bishop MINA • LUKE Bishop of Novgorod or Belgorod (1060) // OCT 15 // • THEOCTIST Bishop of Chernigov (1123) // AUG 6 // • LEONTIUS Bishop of Rostov (1164) // MAY 23 // • STEPHAN Bishop of Volynia (1094) // APR 27 // • HERMAN Bishop of Novgorod (1078–1096) // FEB 10 // • NIPHONT Bishop of Novgorod (1156) // APR 8 // • MARIN Bishop of Jur’jev (1091–1095) • Bishops EUPHIMIUS and LAVRENTIUS • Hieromartyr SIMEON (Simon) Bishop of Perejaslavl (14th c.) • DIONYSIUS Archbishop of Suzdal (1385) // JUN 26 // • Hieromartyr MACARIUS metropolitain of Kiev (1497) // MAY 1 //
• Holy Martyrs ANTHONY, JOHN and EUSTAPHIUS of Vilno (1347) // APR 14 //
• Equal to Apostles OLGA (baptized Helena) (969) // JUL 11 // • Equal to Apostles VLADIMIR (baptized Basil) (1015) // JUL 15 // • Holy Nobleborn Passion Bearer Martyrs Princes BORIS (Roman) of Rostov and GLEB (David) of Murom (1015) // SEP 5 // • Rightbelieving Great Prince IGOR of Chernigov (1147) • Holy Great Martyress BARBARA (306) // DEC 4 // • Venerabless EUPHROSYNIA Abbess of Polotsk (1173) // MAY 23 //
Without doubt, not all the names of the Fathers of the Kiev Caves are known. In the Synaxis, all the Fathers illumined by ascetic deeds in the Caves are glorified. In the Oikos of the Service of September 28 we sing: "Who can praise Your Saints, O Good One? I try to count their number, but they are multiplied more than the sands of the sea. O Master Christ, Who have numbered the stars and named them all, grant their petitions for us..."
Ὁ Ἅγιος Πιόνιος ὁ Μάρτυρας ὁ Πρεσβύτερος
Ἡ Ἁγία Σαβίνα ἡ Μάρτυς
彼奥尼是徐利亚的一名司祭。在德西乌斯在位期间，彼奥尼在斯密尔纳遭受了迫害，被判处钉在十字架上，为此，彼奥尼却感到非常欣喜。当士兵们预备好了十字架放在地上的时候，彼奥尼心甘情愿地躺上去，自动地将手臂放在十字架上，叫士兵们拿长钉来钉他。十字架被头朝下脚朝上地插入到土中，并在彼奥尼的头下生起了火，许多人在那里围观。彼奥尼闭上了眼睛内心向上帝祷告。火苗却丝毫没有烧损他的头发。最后火苗熄灭了，人们认为彼奥尼已经死了，但是他却睁开了眼睛，欣喜若狂地惊呼道：“上帝啊，请接收我的灵魂！”，然后就断气了。这位圣人书写了《斯密尔纳的圣颇利卡尔普的生活》，如今在天国中，他可以同这位圣人同享天国之乐。彼奥尼于公元250年荣耀殉道。
• 22 African Martyrs including CANDIDUS, PIPERION and Companions (254-259) martyrs who suffered in North Africa either in Carthage or else in Alexandria, probably under Valerian and Gallienus
• Martyrs HERACLIUS and ZOSIMUS (263) in North Africa who suffered in Carthage under Valerian and Gallienus
Οἱ Ἅγιοι Ἡρακλῆς καὶ Ζωσιμᾶς οἱ Μάρτυρες
• MM GORGONIUS and FIRMUS (Firminus) (3rd c.) martyred either in Nicaea, Bithynia, or Antioch, Syria
•Martyrs of Syria (4th c.)
Οἱ Ἅγιοι Σύριοι Μάρτυρες
• VMM AGAPE and MARINA at Antioch in Syria
• Martyrs TROPHIMUS 特若斐默 and THALUS 塔洛 (300) crucified at Laodicea, Syria, under Diocletian
Οἱ Ἅγιοι Θαλλὸς καὶ Τρόφιμος οἱ Μάρτυρες
• Martyrs at Antioch (303) under Maximian set upon red hot gridirons and condemned not to death but continued torture, while others underwent assorted torments
• Hieromartyr EULOGIUS 艾弗罗吉 of Cordoba (859) a prominent priest in Cordoba in Spain when the Moorish persecution was at its height. Outstanding for his courage and learning, he encouraged the Orthodox in their sufferings and wrote The Memorial of the Saints for their benefit. He himself suffered martyrdom for protecting St LEOCRITIA a young girl converted from Islam
Ὁ Ἅγιος Εὐλόγιος ὁ Ἱερομάρτυρας καὶ οἱ σὺν αὐτῷ ἐν Κορδούῃ Ἱσπανίας ἡ Ἁγία Λεωκρητία (Λουκρητία) καὶ οἱ Ἁγίες δύο ἀνώνυμες παρθένες Μάρτυρες
• 圣阿莱克西（基辅洞窟修道院的格罗瑟耶夫斯基精舍修士，1917年） Repose of Venerable hieromonk ALEXIS 阿莱克西 (Vladimir Shepelev) of Goloseyevo Skete, Kiev Caves (1840-1917)
Ὁ Ὅσιος Ἀλέξιος
• Venarable hieromonk PATRIKIUS (Pavel Petrov) of Vallam, confessor (1877-1933) day of death in prison at Alma-Ata
• Hieroconfessor BASIL Malakhov, presbiter, priest (1873-1937) day of death in exile in Kargopol, Archangelsk
Supposed to have been one of the first victims of Diocletian's persecutions, she was tortured with her sister St Faith and brother St Caprasius in Agen, France. According to tradition, some spectators objected to this, and were subsequently beheaded as well.
• ANGUS (Aengus, Dengus, Oengo, Oengus, Ceile De) the Culdee (830) a monk at Clonenagh in Ireland and then at Tallacht, he is remembered for his celebrated hymn to the saints, called Felire. From Tallacht he returned to Clonenagh where he became a bishop
Hermit or culdee near the River Nore in Ireland where he was known to commune with angels. Hermit near Maryborough. Monk at Clonenagh in Ireland. His reputation for holiness attracted so many would-be students that he retired to be a lay brother at the monastery of Tallaght near Dublin, Ireland under the abbacy of Saint Maelruan. With Maelruan he wrote the Martyrology of Tallaght, a catalog of Irish saints, in 790. Wrote Felire, a poetic version of the martyrology. These works complete, he resumed life as a hermit and then a bishop.
• BENEDICT Crispus Archbishop of Milan (725) in Italy
Archbishop Benedict of Milan governed his see for 45 years. He composed the epitaph for the tomb of Saint Ceadwaller, king of Wessex, buried in Saint Peter's in Rome.
• CONSTANTINE the Confessor in Carthage in North Africa
• Martyr CONSTANTINE of Scotland (576) patron of the Devon churches of Milton Abbot and Dunsford
Ὁ Ἅγιος Κωνσταντίνος ὁ βασιλεὺς
• Hosiosmartyr CONSTANTINE II (Constantin, Constantinus, Costantino, Costentyn, Custennin) (874) bled to death in a cave near Crail after his right arm was cut off by Danish pirates
Born a Scottish prince, the son of King Kenneth II, Constantine led a life of vice until his conversion. Married, and the father of at least one son. Widowed, he abdicated his position, founded a monastery at Govan on the river Clyde, became a monk there, and evangelized the region. Priest. Spiritual student of Saint Columba and Saint Kentigern. Abbot of a monastery in Govan, Scotland.
• Translation (327) to Constantinople of the relics of Martyr EPIMACHUS 埃彼玛霍 the New of Pelusium (250) // OCT 31 //
Ἀνακομιδὴ Τιμίων Λειψάνων Ἁγίου Μάρτυρος Ἐπιμάχου εἰς Κωνσταντινούπολη
Epimachus was born in Pelusium, and worked as a weaver along with his two companions: Theodore and Callinicos, at age 27, he heard that Youlamis the governor of Egypt was torturing the Christians. He subsequently went to El-Bakroug, (near Demera) and came before the governor, confessing his Christianity. Youlamis the governor tortured him severely, then ordered him to be squeezed on the wheel. A drop of his blood splashed on the eyes of a blind maiden, and she was able to see instantenously, the maiden and her family converted to Christianity and were martyred by Youlamis. Furious, the governor ordered Epimachus to be crucified and his head to be cut off, the executioner drew his sword but his strength failed. The same thing happened with another executioner, and so with fourteen others. When they failed to cut off his head, they tied a rope around his neck and dragged him until he died. A deaf and mute soldier touched the body, and he instantly heard and spoke, some of the Christians from the city of Edku took the body and several signs and wonders took place from it. His kinsfolk from Demera carried the body to Paramoni with great honor. The governor of Paramoni shrouded the body with expensive shrouds and built a church after Saint Epimachus, where the body was placed.
• Hieromartyr EUTHYMIUS Bishop of Sardis (840)
Saint Euthymius left his monastery to become the bishop of Sardis, Lydia. He was banished by Emperor Nicephorus for courageously opposing the Iconoclasts. Several times he was given permission to return to his see if he would become an Iconoclast, but he refused and remained in exile for 29 years until he was finally scourged to death.
• Sainted EUTHYMIUS 艾弗提弥 bishop of Novgorod and Wonderworker (1458)
Ὁ Ἅγιος Εὐθύμιος ὁ Θαυματουργός Ἀρχιεπίσκοπος Νόβγκοροντ
• FIRMIAN (Fermanus, Firminus) (1020) Abbot of the Benedictine monastery of San Sabino Piceno, near Fermo, in the Marches of Ancona in Italy
• GEORGE 格奥尔吉 abbot of Sinai (7th c.) brother of St John Climacus
Ὁ Ὅσιος Γεώργιος ὁ Σιναΐτης
• Venerable GEORGE 格奥尔吉 the Newly-Revealed in the Diipion, wonderworker of Constantinople (970)
Ὁ Ἅγιος Γεώργιος ὁ Νεοφανὴς ὁ ἐν Διϊπίῳ
The venerable George lived in the tenth century. According to the Parisian Codex he flourished in the years of Emperor John I Tzimiskes (969-976), but according to the Vienna Codex it was during Constantine VII (913-959) and Romanos Porphyrogenitos (959–963). His memory is also referred to in the Great Lavra Codex. The venerable George had a wife and children that he abandoned and he would wander from place to place, from the cities to the desert, in discomfort and hardship. During the last seven days of his life he came to Constantinople and took refuge in the Church of Saint John the Theologian in the Diipion, where he reposed in peace. Then those who prepared for his burial saw with surprise that to his body was tied heavy irons, with which he wrapped his entire body. Once they clearly understood from this that this was an ascetic man, they built a stone coffin and buried him in the narthex of the church. That area began to gush myrrh, curing various illnesses and working many miracles.
• Sainted GREGORY Palamas the Archbishop of Thessalonica (1357) // MOVABLE HOLIDAY ON THE 2ND SUNDAY OF THE GREAT LENT // NOV 14 //
As we all know, Saint Gregory Palamas is a great luminary of the Orthodox Church, who with the whole of his theology ― the fruit of his life in Christ ― managed, in his day, to revive Orthodox theology in all its profundity. It is said on the Holy Mountain that Saint Gregory Palamas' theology covered all the gaps from the past and the future. Saint Gregory, who really did live Godly repentance and who said that his deep sighs "illumined my darkness" rightly could not see how anyone could pass from the life of sin into “real life” without remorse and repentance. He said that when the faculty of direct perception, the "nous", is liberated from every perceptible thing, it rises above the maelstrom of earthly things and can see the inner person, since it is able to perceive what he calls the "hateful mask" which the soul has acquired through its vagrancy among worldly things. At this point it hastens to scour the defilement with tears of repentance. The more people distance themselves from worldly cares and return to themselves, they more receptive they become as regards divine mercy. Christ commended those who mourn for their sins and for the loss of their salvation, which is caused by sin. This is, in any case, the reason why this remorse is called "blessed".
• Venerable GREGORY Sinaites (6th c.)
格里哥利是圣西奈山修道院院长，是一位伟大的修行者和正义之人。在复活节守夜时，上帝的天使向他转达旨意：前往耶路撒冷参加事奉圣礼，并在当天返回西奈。格里哥利于公元6世纪安祥地离开人世。
• Repose of Venerable GUMBERT (Guntpert) Abbot in Ansbach (790)
• JOHN Moskhos (550-622) a Byzantine monk and ascetical writer, teacher and friend St Sophronius of Jerusalem
Ιωάννης Μόσχος
He is the author of one of the earliest hagiological works, entitled in Greek "Leimōn pneumatikos" and known in Latin as "Pratum spirituale" (Spiritual Meadow), occasionally abbreviated "Prat. Spirit.", also quoted as the Leimonarion, or as the "New Paradise", which he wrote during the 620s or 630s. In it he narrates his personal experiences with many great ascetics whom he met during his extensive travels, mainly through Palestine, Sinai and Egypt, but also Kilikia and Syria, and repeats the edifying stories which these ascetics related to him. The work teems with miracles and ecstatic visions and it gives a clear insight into the practices of Eastern monasticism, contains important data on the religious cult and ceremonies of the time, and acquaints us with the numerous heresies that threatened to disrupt the Church in the East.
• OENGUS (also known as Aengus, Oengoba) 奥恩格 the Culdee, the Martyrologist: compiler of first Irish martyrology (824) Abbot & Bishop
The appellation "Culdee," Ceile De, or Kele-De means "Worship of God," which became the name of a monastic movement otherwise known as the "Companions of God". He was known for his devotion to the saints. He left both a longer and a shorter Irish Martyrology, and five other books concerning the saints of his country, contained in what the Irish call Saltair-na-Rann. The short martyrology was a celebrated metrical hymn called Felire or Festilogium. The longer, Martyrology of Tallaght was composed in collaboration with Saint Maelruain of Tallaght.
• Translation (1100) of Relics of Martyr OSWIN King of Deira in Brittany (651)
• PETER the Spaniard a pilgrim from Spain to Rome who settled as a hermit in Babuco near Veroli
Saint Peter was a Spanish pilgrim to Rome who became a hermit at Babuco, near Veroli, Italy. He wore a coat of mail next to his skin as a means of physical mortification.
• Martyress ROSINA (Rofina, Rufina) of Wenglingen (4th c.)
Young woman who consecrated herself to God. May have lived as a forest hermit.
• Sainted SOPHRONIUS 索弗若尼 the Sophist, Patriarch of Jerusalem 耶路撒冷的牧首 (639)
Ὁ Ἅγιος Σωφρόνιος Πατριάρχης Ἱεροσολύμων
索弗若尼出生于大马士革显赫的家庭中。虽然饱读了世间的诸学问，但是他并不满足，而是追求灵性上的知识。在圣德奥多西修道院中，他选定了一位名叫约安•摩斯库斯的修士为他的灵师，并同他一起走访了埃及各地的修道院，看一看那里的修士们是如何潜心修行的。圣索弗若尼给自己的口令就是：“每日都要学习有关灵性智慧。”他们将所学到的一切编纂成了两册书，名为《灵性草地》。后来，他们来到了罗马，他的灵师约安•摩斯库斯在那里去世，并嘱托索弗若尼或是将他的遗体带到西奈，或是带回圣德奥多西修道院。索弗若尼遵照老师的遗愿，将他的遗体带回了圣德奥多西修道院，之后，自己留在了耶路撒冷，因为当时的耶路撒冷已经获得了自由，已不再受波斯人的统治。他亲眼目睹了从波斯运送荣耀之十字架的仪式，皇帝希拉克略将十字架扛在自己的肩上运到圣城。年迈的牧首匝哈利亚也获释重返回国，但是不久之后就离开了人世。之后，莫德斯图斯接任了牧首职位。公元634年莫德斯图斯离世，有福的圣索弗若尼接任了牧首职位。索弗若尼用其卓越的智慧和热情管理教会长达10年之久。他反对基督一志论异端邪说，捍卫了东正教信仰，基督一志论异端邪说在第六次普世大公会议（公元680年，君士坦丁堡）上受到了谴责，在这之前他就曾经在耶路撒冷谴责该异端。索弗若尼书写了《埃及人圣玛利的生活》，编纂了《大圣水礼仪》，并在一些事奉圣礼仪式中添加了一些新的赞美诗等。当阿拉伯王哈里发征服耶路撒冷时，索弗若尼请求哈里发国王放过城中的基督徒，而哈里发只是假意地答应了索弗若尼的请求。当哈里发开始在城中抢劫，并残暴地对待基督徒的时候，索弗若尼用《耶热弥亚哀歌》向上帝祷告，请求上帝带他离开这个世界，因为他不能目睹圣地遭到如此的亵渎。上帝听从了他的祷告，并于公元644年将索弗若尼接入到天国。
He wrote The Life of St Mary the Egyptian, complied The Order of the Greater Blessing of Water, and introduced several new hymns and songs in the various liturgical services. He was a native of Damascus, and made such a progress in learning that he obtained the name of the Sophist. He lived twenty years near Jerusalem, under the direction of John Moschus, an holy hermit, without engaging himself in a religious state. These two great men visited together the monasteries of Egypt, and were detained by St John the Almoner, at Alexandria, about the year 610, and employed by him two years in extirpating the Eutychians, and in reforming his diocess. John Moschus wrote there his Spiritual Meadow which he dedicated to Sophronius. He made a collection in that book of the edifying examples of virtue which he had seen or heard of among the monks, and died shortly after at Rome.
• Venerable SOPHRONIUS 索弗若尼 the Recluse of Kiev Caves, from the Pechersk Lavra (Monastery of the Caves) in Kiev (1236) Ukraine. The Relics are kept at St Theodosy Far Caves of the Lavra
Ὁ Ὅσιος Σωφρόνιος ὁ Ἔγκλειστος
The holy ascetic wore an hairshirt and an heavy iron belt. The monk daily read through the whole Psalter.
• Sainted SOPHRONIUS 索弗若尼 (Stoyko Vladislavov) bishop of Vratsa, Bulgary (1739-1813) a talented and prominent Revival writer and cleric
Ὁ Ἅγιος Σωφρόνιος ὁ Διδάσκαλος Ἐπίσκοπος Βράτσης τῆς Βουλγαρίας
Sophronius wrote his best and most popular works in his Bucharest period. These include Nedelnik — his only printed work — a collection of precepts and sermons for every holiday of the year based on Greek and Slavic sources. The collection had historical importance in initiating book printing in modern Bulgarian and establishing the Bulgarian vernacular as the language of literature. He also wrote another collection, Sunday Evangelic Interpretation in 1805, as well as a very popular credited for creating the first autobiography in modern Bulgarian literature, Life and Sufferings of Sinful Sophronius, and an appeal to Bulgarian people, making him the most noted representative of the Bulgarian literature of the early 19th century. He provided the first handwritten copy of Slav-Bulgarian History by Paissi of Hilendar, a book that played a key role for the Bulgarian National Revival that occurred during the five-century long Ottoman rule. He was a sufferer, so no wonder that he entitled his autobiography Life and Sufferings of Sinful Sophronius. This work is valuable in many ways and one of them is that it draws up a picture of how Bulgarians lived in 18th c. St Sophronius was proficient in Greek and translated many Greek books. He was also very skilled in drawing portraits and landscapes. In the aftermath of the 1806-1812 Russo-Turkish War Sophronius stayed in Bucharest where he died.
• THEODORA 德奥多拉 Empress of Arta (Epirus), W., Nun (1250) wife of Despot Michael II of Epirus
Ἡ Ὁσία Θεοδώρα ἡ βασίλισσα Ἄρτης
• Hieromartyr bishop VIGILIUS of Auxerre (685) Successor of St Palladius (661) as Bishop of Auxerre in France. By order of the mayor of the palace he was murdered in a forest near Compiègne
Succeeded Saint Palladius as bishop of Auxerre, France in 661. Murdered by order of Waraton, mayor of the palace.
• Hosiosmartyr VINCENT of Léon (554/630) Benedictine monk. Abbot of the monastery of Saint Claudius, Léon, Spain. Martyred by Arian Visigoths
• VINDICIAN (712) a disciple of St Eligius, he became Bishop of Arras-Cambrai in France and bravely protested against the excesses of the Merovingian Kings and the all-powerful mayors of the palace
Spiritual student of Saint Eligius. Bishop of Arras-Cambrai, France in 669. Promoted monasticism in his diocese. Protested against the excesses of the Merovingian kings, including Theirry III, and the powerful mayors of the palace. In his later years he retired to the Saint Vaast monastery in Arras, France.
Ὁ Ἅγιος Παῦλος τσάρος τῆς Ρωσίας
Paul's premonitions of assassination were well-founded, his attempts to force the nobility to adopt a code of chivalry alienated many of his trusted advisors. The Emperor also discovered outrageous machinations and corruption in the Russian treasury, although he repealed Catherine's law allowing corporal punishment of the free classes, directing reforms that resulted in greater rights for the peasantry, and providing for better treatment for serfs on agricultural estates, most of his policies were viewed as a great annoyance to the noble class and induced his enemies to work out a plan of action. A conspiracy was organized, some months before it was executed, by Counts Peter Ludwig von der Pahlen, Nikita Petrovich Panin, and the half-Spanish, half-Neapolitan adventurer Admiral Ribas. The death of Ribas delayed the execution, on the night of 23 March (O.S. 11 March) 1801, Paul was murdered in his bedroom in the newly built St Michael's Castle by a band of dismissed officers headed by General Bennigsen, a Hanoverian in the Russian service, and General Yashvil, a Georgian. They charged into his bedroom, flushed with drink after dining together, and found Paul hiding behind some drapes in the corner, the conspirators pulled him out, forced him to the table, and tried to compel him to sign his abdication. Paul offered some resistance, and Nikolay Zubov struck him with a sword, after which the assassins strangled and trampled him to death, he was succeeded by his son, the 23 years old Alexander I, who was actually in the palace, and to whom General Nikolay Zubov, one of the assassins, announced his accession, accompanied by the admonition, "Time to grow up! Go and rule!" The assassins were not punished by Alexander, and the court physician James Wylie declared apoplexy the official cause of death.
Lenten Synaxarion
SUNDAY OF ST GREGORY PALAMAS
Now is the truly great preacher of the Radiant Light
led by the Source of Light to the never-setting Light.
This son of the divine and never-setting Light was a true man of God indeed, and a wondrous servant and minister of the divine mysteries, having been born in the imperial city (Constantinople) of most radiant and glorious parents. Through his virtue and instruction he desired to adorn not only the outer of mankind according to the senses, but also much of the unseen inner being. When he was yet quite young, his father died. His mother, brothers and sisters raised him and instructed him in morals, catechism and sacred scripture, and sent him to teachers of worldly wisdom, from whom he learned well. Cleverly combining his learning with a natural zeal, he soon became skilled in verbal arts. At the age of twenty, regarding all earthly things as inferior and passing dreams, he sought recourse to God the Author and Giver of all wisdom, to consecrate his entire self to God through a perfect life. Hence he disclosed his great love for God, his pious intentions and burning desire to his mother, and he found that for a long she too had been desirous of this and rejoiced at his decision. And straightway gathering her children his mother said with joy, "Behold, I and the children God has given me!" And she disclosed to them the intent of the great Gregory, asking if it seemed to them to be good. And he with words of instruction soon convinced them all in earnestness to follow him in his love and withdrawal from life. Distributing then his earthly possessions to the poor according to the teachings of the Gospel, and cheerfully abandoning human love, earthly honor and the approbation of men, he followed after Christ.
Placing his mother and sisters in a convent, he and his brothers went to the sacred Mount Athos, where he convinced his brothers to stay in different monasteries, so that they would have no time to be together, thereby perfecting their life in God. He himself became obedient to a wondrous man named Nicodemus who had consecrated his life of silence to God alone. Learning from him through actions every precept and every virtue, through a mystical revelation there he received the protection of the all pure Theotokos, an invincible help in all things. After Nicodemus’ parting from this life to God, having lived for several years in the Great Lavra most zealously with perfection of thought and a love of silence, Gregory left the Lavra and embraced the wilderness.
Increasing ever in love and always desiring to be with God, he dedicated himself to a life of utmost severity, strenghtening his reasoning with earnest attention, raising his thoughts to God, practising prayer at all times, meditating on divine things, and leading an excellent life. With the help of God he overcame the attacks of demons, and cleansing his soul with fountains of tears at all night vigils, he became a chosen vessel of the gifts of the Spirit of God, and often had visions of the Godhead.
Wondrously, because of the commencement of attacks of the Ishmaelites on Thessalonica, he retreated to the summit skete, and was constrained to speak with several of the citizenry. Having led a diligent life, for he was no longer young, and having cleansed his body and soul entirely, at God’s command, he received the great anointing to the priesthood, and like an angel, becoming trancendent in the celebration of the sacred mysteries, so that all who observed him were moved. He was truly great and was recognized as a bearer of the Spirit by those who lived godly lives, revealing himself to those who witnessed the following outward signs: He had authority over demons and was able to release those possessed from their wiles and deceit. He could change barren trees into fruitful ones. He foresaw things to come, and was blessed with other gifts and fruits of the Divine Spirit. For when it lies within our power to act upon the virtues, then we are not able to fall into temptation. Without the virtues there can be no perfection or appearance of faith in God (for, he says, action and passion descending together perfects a man in goodness after God), but frequent falls into various temptations…this great man…so that he is shown to be perfect to all. And what mind can think on this further?
What more can be said? First the licentious wiles of the evil contender. And then the lies and slanders of the new theomachists were directed at him. In all twenty-three years he endured much anger and affliction. For the Italian beast, Varlaam of Calabria, philosophized in a worldly manner, and through the vanity of his philosophy (for he thought to know everything) he mounted a fierce attack against Christ’s Church, against our faith and against those who openly professed it. For the grace of the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit is one and the light of the age to come, as also the righteous shine like the sun, as Christ Himself demonstrated beforehand in splendor on the mountain. And simply he erroneously taught that all the power and action of the Godhead in three hypostases and all differences there might be in the divine nature were created, and those who piously believed that the divine Light was uncreated, and all His power and action, as not to one new of that which is naturally in God, through his rhetoric and widespread letters, he called bitheists and polytheists, as the Jews, Savelius and Arius call us. For the sake of these the divine Gregory, as a defender of piety and most glorious intercessor, fought before everyone and was reviled. He was sent by the Chruch to Constantinople, and he went. And when the most divine emperor Andronicus, fourth after the Paleologos, sought to defend the faith, a sacred council was assembled. And when Varlaam appeared with his previously mentioned impious teachings and his accusations against piety, the great Gregory, filled with the Spirit of God and clothed with invincible power from on high, stopped his mouth from speaking against God and disgraced him utterly. With words of spiritual fire and documents he burned Varlaam’s heresies like brushwood to ashes. Wherefore unable to endure the shame, the enemy of piety ran back to Italy, whence he came. Immediately after this the council exposed his great harm, and with arguments to the contrary dispersed his compostions.
But those who had partaken of these ideas did not cease their struggle against God’s Church. For this cause through the great urging of the sacred council, the emperor himself, and most importantly the command of God, Gregory was persuaded to ascend the bishop’s throne, and was appointed the pastor of the sacred Church in Thessalonica. Wherefore he bravely and steadfastly accomplished great deeds in behalf of the Orthodox Faith. But many evil heirs of Acindinus and Varlaam appeared, fierce beasts born of ferociousness, as well as their teacings and compositions, not once, not twice, not three times, but many times in great quantity, and not during the reign of one emperor or patriarch but during three successive reigns and an equal number of patriarchates and many councils, which through divinely inspired words and writings, countered them in many ways, and eventually overcame them completely. And some persist, having no regard for the High Court, shamelessly attacking the saints who triumphed over them. Such were in short Gregory’s victories over the impious.
Then God, in an ineffable manner, sent the teacher to the East. He was sent as the elder from Thessalonika to Constantinople to make peace between two quarreling emperors. But he was seized by the Agarians and for an entire year was made to travel in suffering from place to place, from city to city, fearlessly preaching the Gospel of Christ. And he affirmed and convinced them in their faith, entreating them to remain steadfast, confirming with divine wisdom those who were wavering in the faith or could not understand or asked questions about the previous events, and freely granting healing to those who asked it. To those who did not believe, to wretched apostates, to those who had followed them and those who cast aspersions on our teachings about the incarnate providence of our Lord and God, or the veneration of the precious Cross and the holy icons he spoke many times without hesitation. He spoke also of Mohammed and answered many other questions which they put to him. Some wondered in themselves, others were angered and put forth their hands and would have made him a martyr, if not for God’s plan and the promise of money to be gained from his ransom. So he was spared.
Then the great saint was freed by the lovers of Christ, and this bloodless martyr returned once more in joy to his flock. In addition to the other many and great gifts and preeminent qualities, which he had, he was also adorned with the wounds of Christ, bearing also in himself Christ’s, according to Paul. Let us describe him; these were his characteristics. Along with his excellence he was meek and humble. (We do not speak here of God and divine matters, for he was quite a defender of these.) He did not remember evil and was good-natured, desiring to return good for evil. He never quarreled. He was always patient and magnanimous in the face of adversity. He was above vanity and sensuality. He was always temperate and not extravagant in all personal necessities, and for all that time he was not ill. He endured quietly and silently, always graciously, to the limits of what was done to him, so that all would see him as reasonable, attentive and keen witted. And consequently he never allowed his eyes to be void of tears, but sympathized with a flow of tears.
And so like a martyr from the beginning to the end he struggled against demons and the passions, driving heretics far the Christ’s Chruch, defining the Orthodox Faith through his words and compositions, and by them as with a seal sealing all divinely inspired writing, for his life and word became a seal of the life and words of the saints. He tended his flock for thirteen years more in the godly manner of the Apostles, and having adorned them with his moral teachings, he guided them to the heavenly sheepfold. And having served all Orthodox, both those who lived during his time and those yet to be born, he was translated to the higher life, having lived sixty-three years in all. And he commended his spirit into the hands of God, leaving his body to his flock, as a special portion and a precious treasure, enlightened and glorified at the end.
For every day Christ benefits with wonders those who come near in faith and grants healing of many diseases,
many of whom tell of their cures.
Through His prayers, O God,
have mercy on us.
Amen.
In the Name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.
O God, be merciful to me, a sinner.
愿上帝怜恤我罪人
O Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God,
for the sake of the prayers
of Thy most pure Mother,
our holy and God-bearing fathers and all the saints, have mercy on us.
Amen.
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Blessed be God.
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