συνοδικός
March 11 / February 26
2019 (7527)
ST. PORPHYRIUS, BISHOP OF GAZA (420). MARTYR SEBASTIAN (66)
Μεγάλη Τεσσαρακοστή • GREAT 40 DAYS • Μεγάλη Νηστεία • GREAT FAST
DAY 1
Isaiah 1:16–18 Wash yourselves and ye shall be clean; put away the wicked ways from your souls before Mine eyes; cease to do evil; learn to do well. Seek judgment, relieve the oppressed, consider the fatherless, and plead for the widow. Come then, and let us reason together, saith the Lord: Though your sins be as scarlet, I will make them white as snow; and though they be red like crimson, I will make them white as wool.
THE GREAT CANON OF ST ANDREW OF CRETE
The Great Canon was written by a holy man to teach himself the right way to live. We cannot benefit from it unless we make it a priority to stand in prayer, in the church, and listen to it, with a great desire and expectation for God’s grace to teach us and heal us. Our theology is first and foremost – experienced and prayed, and not only “studied”.
The Great Canon of St Andrew, Bishop of Crete, is the longest canon in all of our services, and is associated with Great Lent, since the only times it is appointed to be read in church are the first four nights of Great Lent (Clean Monday through Clean Thursday, at Great Compline, when it is serialized) and at Matins for Thursday of the fifth week of Great Lent, when it is read in its entirety (in this latter service, the entire life of St Mary of Egypt is also read).
There is no other sacred hymn which compares with this monumental work, which St Andrew wrote for his personal meditations. Nothing else has its extensive typology and mystical explanations of the scripture, from both the Old and New Testaments. One can almost consider this hymn to be a “survey of the Old and New Testament”. Its other distinguishing features are a spirit of mournful humility, hope in God, and complex and beautiful Trinitarian Doxologies and hymns to the Theotokos in each Ode. The canon is a dialog between St. Andrew and his soul. The ongoing theme is an urgent exhortation to change one’s life. St Andrew always mentions his own sinfulness placed in juxtaposition to God’s mercy, and uses literally hundreds of references to good and bad examples from the OT and NT to “convince himself” to repent.
A canon is an ancient liturgical hymn, with a very strict format. It consists of a variable number of parts, each called an “ode”. Most common canons have eight Odes, numbered from one to nine, with Ode 2 being omitted. The most penitential canons have all nine odes. Some canons have only three Odes, such as many of the canons in the “Triodion” (which means “Three Odes”).
In any case, all Odes have the same basic format. An “Irmos” begins each Ode. This is generally sung, and each Irmos has a reference to one of the nine biblical canticles, which are selections from the Old and New Testament, which can be found in an appendix in any complete liturgical Psalter (book of Psalms, arranged for reading in the services). A variable number of “troparia” follow, which are short hymns about the subject of the canon. These are usually chanted, and not sung. After each troparion a “refrain” is chanted. At the end of each Ode, another hymn, called the “Katavasia”, either the Irmos previously sung, or one like it is sung.
The troparia of the Great Canon in all its twelve Odes are usually chanted by the priest in the center of the church, with the choir singing the Irmos and Katavasia. There are varying traditions about bows and prostrations. Some prostrate and some make the sign of the cross and bow three times after the Irmos and each troparion.
General Themes of the Great Canon.
How we should think about ourselves
Where shall I begin to lament the deeds of my wretched life? What first-fruit shall I offer, O Christ, for my present lamentation? But in Thy compassion grant me release from my falls (Monday:1.1).
Desire to change—dialogue with the soul
Come, wretched soul, with your flesh, confess to the Creator of all. In the future refrain from you former brutishness, and offer to God tears of repentance (Monday:1.2).
Recognizing Reality
The end is drawing near, my soul, is drawing near! But you neither care nor prepare. The time is growing short. Rise! The Judge is at the very doors. Like a dream, like a flower, the time of this life passes. Why do we bustle about in vain? (Monday:4.2)
How to pray - Laments and supplications to God
Thou art the Good Shepherd; seek me, Thy lamb, and neglect no me who have gone astray. (Monday:3.5).
OT and NT examples of righteousness and unrighteousness, for the purpose of emulation or avoidance.
Do not be a pillar of salt, my soul, by turning back; but let the example of the Sodomites frighten you, and take refuge up in Zoar.(Genesis 19:26) (Thursday: Ode 3:5) I have reviewed all the people of the Old Testament as examples for you, my soul. Imitate the God-loving deeds of the righteous and shun the sins of the wicked (Tuesday: Ode 8)
The most important thing to know about the Great Canon
The Great Canon was written by a holy man to teach himself the right way to live. We cannot benefit from it unless we make it a priority to stand in prayer, in the church, and listen to it, with a great desire and expectation for God’s grace to teach us and heal us. Our theology is first and foremost—experienced and prayed, and not only “studied”.
• Synaxis of the MEZHETSK 麦哲茨克 Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos at Kiev (1492)
Σύναξις Ὑπεραγίας Θεοτόκου ἐν Κιέβῳ Ρωσίας
The Mezhetsk Icon of the Mother of God appeared at Kiev in the year 1492.
Ἡ Ἁγία Φωτεινὴ ἡ Μεγαλομάρτυς ἡ Σαμαρείτιδα
Οἱ Ἁγίες Φωτώ, Φῶτις, Παρασκευή, Κυριακὴ καὶ Ἀνατολὴ οἱ Μάρτυρες ἀδελφὲς τῆς Ἁγίας Φωτεινῆς
Οἱ Ἅγιοι Ἰωσῆς καὶ Βίκτωρ οἱ Μάρτυρες υἱοὶ τῆς Ἁγίας Φωτεινῆς
Ὁ Ἅγιος Σεβαστιανὸς ὁ δοῦκας
Ὁ Ἅγιος Θεόκλητος ὁ Μάρτυρας ὁ φαρμακὸς
• MM PAPIAS, DIODORUS, CONON & CLAUDIAN (250) poor shepherds, natives of Pamphylia in Asia Minor, who were tortured and put to death under Decius
• MM VICTOR Stratelates and CHRISTODOULOS
Οἱ Ἅγιοι Βίκτωρ καὶ Χριστόδουλος οἱ Μάρτυρες
• 29 Martyrs including FORTUNATUS, FELIX & Companions
• Hieromartyr MICHAEL Lisitsyn, presbiter, priest (1862-1918) day of martyrdom, killed in stanitsa Ust’-Labinskaja, Kuban’
Father Mikhail Lisitsyn was tortured for three days - from Friday to Sunday ... When his body was found, there it was more than 10 wounds, the head was cut into pieces. He was driving for a long time, with a loop drawn around his neck, through the village; executors mocked and beat him so, that at the end he himself, falling on his knees, implored the torturers to finish him off sooner. After killing him, the Red Army men forbade burial, but the wife of the murderer bought his body for burial for 600 rubles. After the ransom of the torned body of Mikhail, Matushka Evdokia prepared him for a Christian burial, he was clothed in white priestly clothes, put in a new coffin and carried for burial service to the church of St Nicholas, where he preached the word of God for many years. The funeral was complete on February 28, 1918 by the priests Alexei Bogdanov, John Salsky, the deacon Arkady Kononov, the psalmists John Strukov and Stefan Volik. Buried in a common cemetery. According to the memories of the granddaughter of Father Michael, the parishioners of the St Nicholas Church persuaded Matushka Evdokia to reburial him closer to the temple, where he served: "Grandmother did not want to, but was persuaded. She told me that 9 months later my grandfather look like as if it was yesterday he was buried…" According to the evidence of the great-grandson of Michail - Gennady Lisitsyn, in 2003, managed to establish a lost burial place, located at the eastern wall of the former summer cinema (in its place was the St Nikolas church, destroyed in the 1930s of the 20th century), in the city park Ust-Labinsk.
• Hieromartyr SILVESTR (Iustin Ol’shevskij) Archbishop of Omsk, Bishop of Prilutsk and Vicar of Poltava (1860-1920)
• Hieromartyr PETER 斐特若 Varlamov, presbiter, priest (1897-1930) day of martyrdom, shoted in Ufa, Bashkirija
• Hieromartyr SERGIUS 塞尔吉 Voskresenskij, presbiter, priest (1890-1933) day of death in Belbatlag KZ, Medvezhjegorsk, railway of Murmansk
At the beginning of March 1933 fr. Sergiy, apparently deliberately, was put in one cell with criminals. These criminals, probably not without advice from the camp administration, removed from him a sheepskin coat, the rest of the clothes and put them to the frost. As a result he passed away on March 11.
• Hieromartyr JOHN 约翰 Pashin, bishop of Rylsk (1881-1938) day of martyrdom, shoted in Ukhtpechlag KZ, Komi
• Hieromartyr JOHN 约翰 Dunajev, presbiter, priest (1885-1938) day of martyrdom, shoted in Jaroslavl’
• Hosiosmartyress nun ANNA 安纳 (Maria Blagoveshchenskaja) (1898-1938) day of martyrdom, shoted in Jaroslavl’
Brother of Blessed Ottokar of Tegernsee. Count of Warngau (in modern Germany). Helped found the Tegernsee Abbey in Bavaria (in modern Germany), and served as its first abbot.
• AGRICOLA (594) Bishop of Nevers in France between 570 and 594
• Bishop ALEXANDER of Alexandria (250-328)
Known as a pious youth. Bishop of Alexandria, Egypt in 313. Worked against Arianism, and excommunicated Arius when he preached in the area around Alexandria. Key figure in the Council of Nicaea in 325. Patriarch of Alexandria.
• ANDREW of Florence (407) Bishop of Florence in Italy succeeded St Zenobius
Bishop of Florence, Italy. So successful at evangelizing his diocese that he eliminated all paganism.
• ASTHEA
• BECCAN (Becanus) the Blind, probably of Kinsealy, County of Dublin
• Hieromartyr DIONYSIUS Bishop of Augsburg in Germany (303/304)
May have been the uncle of St Afra of Augsburg. First bishop of Augsburg, Germany. Both baptized into the faith and later consecrated as bishop by Saint Narcissus of Gerona. Martyred in the persecutions of Diocletian.
• EITHNE (Ethnea, Eithene or Ethne) of Naas, Co. Kildare, Co-Fndr. of Tech-Ingen-Baithe near Swords, Co. Dublin
• New Martyr ELIAS 伊利亚 of Trebizond (1749)
• ENNA of Clonfert, a possible companion of St Brendan the Navigator and his successor at Clonfert
• Hieroconfessor FAUSTINIAN 2nd Bishop of Bologna in Italy (342) reorganised his diocese and lived to be a firm defender of Orthodoxy against Arianism
Fourth century bishop of Bologna, Italy during the period of the persecutions of Diocletian. A great administrator, he re-organized the diocese, and fought Arianism.
• Hieromartyr HILARIUS Bishop of Mainz (161) in Rheinland-Pfalz
• IRENE of Gaza (490) Syria
Raised a pagan. At about 14 years of age, she witnessed a mob abusing Saint Porphyrius for his faith. The violence sickened her, and she came to his rescue, causing enough trouble that the pagans left him alone. He recovered and brought her to Christianity.
• Holy Martyr JOHN 约安 Kalpha 卡尔法斯 ("the Apprentice" 学徒) at Constantinople (1575)
Ὁ Ἅγιος Ἰωάννης ὁ Νεομάρτυρας ὁ Κάλφας
圣殉道者约安－卡尔法斯〔被称为“建筑者”〕
这位伟大的圣人出生于君士坦丁堡的加拉提亚，他以前从事的职业是建筑业。由于他对基督信仰的巨大热忱，从而冒犯了土耳其人，土耳其人开始强迫他改信伊斯兰教。但是约安却勇敢地说：“我不会否认耶稣基督，我相信他、事奉他、宣信他。”在经过痛苦的折磨之后，土耳其人将他斩首，当时为公元1575年的2月26日，斩首地点是君士坦丁堡。他为基督信仰荣耀殉道，从而得以进入了基督永生的国度。
The Holy New Martyr John Kalphes (the Apprentice) lived in a suburb of Constantinople, called Galata. He was a cabinetmaker by profession, and he had acquired great skill in his craft, so that important officials made use of his services. He was entrusted with the inner adornment of the sultan’s palace. Saint John Kalphes was distinguished for his Christian charity, he provided for orphans and those locked up in prison, and many turned to him for help. One time a certain dignitary asked Saint John to take on his nephew as an apprentice. He agreed, and the youth received an honorable position at court upon the completion of his apprenticeship. Once, encountering his former teacher and benefactor, he asked Saint John what it says in the Christian books about their "prophet" Mohammed. Saint John did not want to answer his question, but because of the persistent demands of the youth, he declared that Mohammed was a mere mortal, an uneducated man who did not perform a single miracle during his lifetime. He went on to say that Mohammed was no prophet, but rather an adversary of God. The youth, devoted to Islam, reported to his fellow Moslems that the cabinetmaker had insulted Mohammed. Saint John was brought to trial, where they demanded that he renounce Christ, but he bravely confessed his faith in Christ. After torture, they sent the holy martyr off to penal servitude, where he spent six months. Then, for the next three months they beat him in the prison. Seeing that they could not coerce him into submitting to their will, they beheaded him in the crowded city square in Ergat-Bazara, near the Bedestan (a covered bazaar) on February 26, 1575. The suffering of the holy Martyr John Kalphes were recorded by Father Andrew, the Chief Steward (Megas Oikonomos) of the Patriarch of Constantinople, who communed him with the Holy Mysteries in prison.
• Hieromartyr NESTOR bishop of Perge (251)
Seeking to win Emperor Decius's favor, Governor Epolius of Lycia, Pamphylia, and Phrygia began persecuting Christian in his jurisdiction. Bishop Saint Nestor of Magydos, Pamphylia, who caught the unwanted attention of the governor by his evangelical zeal, was arrested and brought to Perga where he was crucified. In art, he is depicted as a bishop with a cross, sometimes crucified with ropes, or praising God upon the rack.
• NICHOLAS of Katopinos
Ὁ Ἅγιος Νικόλαος ὁ Κατοπινός
• Venerable OTTOKAR (Odoakar) of Tegernsee, monastery founder (771)
Brother of Blessed Adalbert of Tegernsee. Count of Tegernsee in Bavaria (in modern Germany). Helped found the Tegernsee Abbey, and entered it as a monk.
• Sainted PORPHYRIUS 颇尔斐里 Bishop of Gaza (420)
Ὁ Ἅγιος Πορφύριος Ἐπίσκοπος Γάζης
圣颇尔斐里，加沙的主教
伟大的牧者颇尔斐里出生于德撒洛尼基一个富有的家庭中。25岁以前，颇尔斐里是在德撒洛尼基渡过的。之后，他离开了他的父母和世俗的生活，隐退到埃及的荒野中。在一位富有经验的灵性导师的指引下，年轻的颇尔斐里成了一名修士，并在那里呆了5年的时间。之后，他在另一名修士玛尔克的陪同下前往圣地朝圣，玛尔克也是他忠诚的伙伴。他在耶路撒冷附近的一个山洞中潜心修行了5年的时间。但是后来颇尔斐里的双腿虚弱，不能再行走。但是不管怎样，他一直是用他的膝盖爬着前往教堂参加神圣的礼拜仪式。有一天，主出现在他的面前，医治了他的双腿，使他完全恢复了健康。当颇尔斐里被选为加沙的主教时，他是带着沉重的心情上任的。当时在加沙只有280名基督徒，其他人都是狂热的偶像崇拜者。只有用虔诚的信仰和耐心颇尔斐里才成功地皈依了加沙的居民信奉基督教。颇尔斐里到君士坦丁堡拜见皇帝阿尔卡蒂乌斯和牧首圣金口约安，在同拜偶像者进行的斗争中寻求他们的支持。他获得了他希望得到的支持：偶像寺庙被关闭，并捣毁了偶像，颇尔斐里建立了一座拥有30个大理石柱子的教堂。皇后欧多克西亚尤其为这座教堂的修建提供了帮助。颇尔斐里在有生之年看到了加沙的人民被皈依成基督徒，但是这都是在他忍受了很多磨难，并向上帝含泪祷告的情况下才得以实现的。颇尔斐里于公元421年安祥地归主。他在生前及死后创造了无数奇迹。目前，颇尔斐里的圣髑被安放在加沙。
Born to wealth. Hermit in the desert of Skete, Egypt. Hermit in Palestine on the bank of the Jordan River. Ordained as a priest in Jerusalem. Reluctant bishop of Gaza, he took to this assignment with great zeal and devotion. He converted almost all of his diocese, and nearly eliminated paganism in it.
• QUODVULTDEUS Bishop of Carthage (409) exiled by the Arian Genseric, king of the Vandals, when they captured the city in 439 and died in Naples, Italy
• Venerable Monk SEVASTIAN (Sebastian) 塞瓦斯提安 of Poshekhon’je (1500) founder of Sokhotsk Monastery, Yaroslavl // DEC 18 //
Ὁ Ὅσιος Σεβαστιανὸς ἐκ Ρωσίας
• Martyr SEBASTIAN of Rome, chieftain (66)
• Martyr VICTOR Stratelates
• VICTOR (also known as Vittre) (4th c.) a hermit in Arcis-sur-Aube in Champagne in France
Born to the nobility and raised in a pious, well-educated family. Priest. Hermit at Arcis-sur-Aube in the Champagne region of France. His life and wisdom caused many conversions.
Now placed in heaven, he beholds God clearly, revealed to him, swallowed up in joy, but not forgetting us. It is not the land of oblivion in which Victor dwells. Heaven does not harden or straiten hearts but makes them more tender and compassionate; it does not distract minds, nor alienate them from us; it does not diminish, but it increases affection and charity; it augments bowels of pity. The angels, although they behold the face of their Father, visit, run, and continually assist us; and shall they now forget us who were once among us, and who once suffered themselves what they see us at present labor under? No: ‘I know the just expect me till you render to me my reward.’ Victor is not like that cup-bearer of Pharaoh, who could forget his fellow-captive. He has not so put on the stole of glory himself as to lay aside his pity, or the remembrance of our misery.
In the Name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.
O God, be merciful to me, a sinner.
愿上帝怜恤我罪人
O Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God,
for the sake of the prayers
of Thy most pure Mother,
our holy and God-bearing fathers and all the saints, have mercy on us.
Amen.
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Blessed be God.
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