συνοδικός
August 7 / July 25
2018 (7526)
Commemoration of the HOLY 165 FATHERS OF THE FIFTH ECUMENICAL COUNCIL (553) 纪念第五次神圣普世大公会议之165位圣教父
Μνήμη Ε’ Οἰκουμενικῆς Συνόδου
This council was held in Constantinople during the reign of Justinian the Great. The council condemned the various forms of monophysitism, the heretical writings of Theodore of Mopsuestia and Theodoret, and the writings of Origen (particularly on universal salvation).
查士丁尼大帝在位期间于公元553 年举行了第五次普世大公会议。在这次会议上禁止了基督一性论的异端邪说，同时，摩普苏斯蒂亚的德奥多若、赛鲁斯的德奥多若特，以及奥立金（否定复活论）的谬论全部被视为异端邪说。
The Fifth Ecumenical Council (Constantinople II) was held at Constantinople, under the holy Emperor Saint Justinian I (527-565) in the year 553, to determine the Orthodoxy of three dead bishops: Theodore of Mopsuetia, Theodoret of Cyrrhus and Ibas of Edessa, who had expressed Nestorian opinions in their writings in the time of the Third Ecumenical Council (September 9). These three bishops had not been condemned at the Fourth Ecumenical Council (July 16), which condemned the Monophysites, and in turn had been accused by the Monophysites of Nestorianism. Therefore, to deprive the Monophysites of the possibility of accusing the Orthodox of sympathy for Nestorianism, and also to dispose the heretical party towards unity with the followers of the Council of Chalcedon, the emperor Saint Justinian issued an edict. In it “the Three Chapters” (the three deceased bishops) were condemned. But since the edict was issued on the emperor’s initiative, and since it was not acknowledged by representatives of all the Church (particularly in the West, and in Africa), a dispute arose about the “Three Chapters.” The Fifth Ecumenical Council was convened to resolve this dispute. 165 bishops attended this Council. Pope Vigilius, though present in Constantinople, refused to participate in the Council, although he was asked three times to do so by official deputies in the name of the gathered bishops and the Emperor himself. The Council opened with Saint Eutychius, Patriarch of Constantinople (552-565, 577-582), presiding. In accordance with the imperial edict, the matter of the “Three Chapters” was carefully examined in eight prolonged sessions from May 4 to June 2, 553. Anathema was pronounced against the person and teachings of Theodore of Mopsuetia. In the case of Theodore and Ibas, the condemnations were confined only to certain of their writings, while they personally had been cleared by the Council of Chalcedon, because of their repentance. Thus, they were spared from the anathema. This measure was necessary because certain of the proscribed works contained expressions used by the Nestorians to interpret the definitions of the Council of Chalcedon for their own ends. But the leniency of the Fathers of the Fifth Ecumenical Council, in a spirit of moderate economy regarding the persons of Bishops Theodore and Ibas, instead embittered the Monophysites against the decisions of the Council. Besides which, the emperor had given the orders to promulgate the Conciliar decisions together with a decree of excommunication against Pope Vigilius, for being like-minded with the heretics. The Pope afterwards concurred with the mind of the Fathers, and signed the Conciliar definition. The bishops of Istria and all the region of the Aquilea metropolia, however, remained in schism for more than a century. At the Council the Fathers likewise examined the errors of presbyter Origen, a renowned Church teacher of the third century. His teaching about the pre-existence of the human soul was condemned. Other heretics, who did not admit the universal resurrection of the dead, were also condemned. It pleased the Lord that the Holy Spirit should inspire the Fathers of the Council in a further definition of Orthodoxy that preserves the integrity and dignity both of God and of mankind, without the distortion of either that occurs within the Nestorian or Monophysite heresies.
Οἱ Ἅγιοι Σάκτος (ἢ Σάγκτος), Ματοῦρος, Ἄτταλος καὶ Βλανδίνα οἱ Μάρτυρες
• MM FLORENTIUS and FELIX (235) soldiers martyred under Maximinius the Thracian at Furcona near Aquila in the south of Italy
They belong to a group of eighty-three soldiers commemorated on July 24.
• Martyrs PAUL, TEA and VALENTINA of Caesarea, Palestine (309) martyred together in the pesecutions of emperor Maximilian and governor Firmilian
• Righteous BEATUS of Trier and BANTUS of Trier, priests and hermits (7th c.)
• New Hieromartyr NICHOLAS Udintcev, presbiter, priest (1896-1918)
• New Hieromartyr ALEXANDER Saharov, presbiter, priest (1873-1927)
• IRAIDA Tikhova, confessoress (1896-1967)
• New Hieromartyrs Grand Duke MICHAEL Alexandrovich, NICOLOS Johnson and PETER Remes
• GREGORY 格里高利 Kallidis 卡利迪斯, metropolitan of Thessalonica and Heraclea (1925)
• Hieromartyr HEODOR Tonkovid, Priest of Lovets, Pskov (1942)
• New Hieromartyrs VUKOSAV 邬科萨弗 Milanovic 弥拉诺维奇 and RODOLJUB 若德尔犹博 Samardzic 撒玛尔德兹克 of Kulen Bakufa, Serbia (1941-1945)
Ἡ Κοίμηση τῆς Ἁγίας Ἄννας Μητέρας τῆς Ὑπεραγίας Θεοτόκου
7 月25 日是圣安娜安息纪念日，但是圣安娜的主要纪念日是在9 月9 日，在这一天记录了她的功绩以及她的传记。安娜是利未人，是祭司马但的女儿。安娜一生讨主喜悦，在高龄之际方离世。
• Martyr CHRISTOPHER (Christobal, Christoval, Cristobal, Kester, Kitt, Kitts, Offero) (3rd c.) in the persecutions of Decius
His fame derives from the pious legend of him being a "Christ-bearer" (Christopher). He was a powerfully built man who wandered the world in search of novelty and adventure. He came upon a hermit who lived beside a dangerous stream and served others by guiding them to safe places to cross. He gave Offero instruction in the truth of God. Offero took the hermit's place, but instead of guiding travellers, he carried them safely across the stream. One day he carried a small child across the stream; the child's weight nearly crushed him. When they arrived on the other side, the child revealed himself as Christ, and he was so heavy because he bore the weight of the world on himself. He then baptised Offero with water from the stream. Christopher's service at the stream led to his patronage of things related to travel and travellers, people who carry things, etc.
• Venerable CHRISTOPHER 赫里斯托佛尔 abbot of Solvychegodsk and Koryazhemsk, Vologda (1572-1582)
• COLMAN O'Liathain, Bishop or Abbot of Lismore (7-8th c.)
• Martyr CUCUPHAS (Cucufate, Cugat, Cugat del Valles, Cougat, Cucufat, Cucuphas, Cucuphat, Guinefort, Gulnefort, Quiquefat, Quiquenfat, Qoqofas) (304) beheaded near Barcelona, Spain
Born to an illustrious family in north Africa. He fled to Spain to avoid the persecutions of Diocletian. Spiritual teacher of Saint Juliana of Mataro and Saint Semproniana of Mataro. Arrested for his faith in Barcelona, he was hauled before Governor Dacian and ordered to sacrifice to idols; when he refused, he was imprisoned, tortured and executed. Martyr. Prudentius mentions him in his Hymns.
• EBRULFUS (Evroult) (600) born in Beauvais in France, he became a hermit and later founded a monastery at Saint-Fuscien-aux-Bois
• ELIAS Archbishop of Thessaloniki (553) of the fathers of the 5th Ecumenical Council
Ὁ Ἅγιος Ἠλίας Ἀρχιεπίσκοπος Θεσσαλονίκης
• Venerabless EUPRAXIA 艾弗普拉克西亚 the Younger (Euphrasia, Evpraksia, Praxea and Praxeas) of Tabenna (Tabennesi) in Egypt, Nun (413)
Ἡ Ὁσία Εὐπραξία
奥普拉西亚是君士坦丁堡的贵族安蒂戈努斯的女儿，同时也是德奥多西大帝的亲戚。奥普拉西亚同她寡居的母亲一起在埃及定居，她们参观那里的修道院、周济穷人，并向上帝祷告。强烈的欲望致使她在7 岁的时候就剪发成为一名修女。年纪越长，她就越迫使自己担起苦行的重担。有一次，她斋戒了40 天的时间。奥普拉西亚于公元413 年安息主怀，年仅30 岁。她拥有上帝的伟大恩典，并治愈了奇难怪症。
• GLODESIND (Glodesindis or Glossine) Fndr. and Abs. of Convent at Metz in France (608) engaged to a courtier who was arrested on their wedding day, and later executed. She became a nun at Metz, France and later abbess
• Apostle JAMES the Great, of the Twelve and the first to be martyred (Acts 12:2) stabbed with a sword by King Herod Agrippa I at Jerusalem (44) son of Zebedee and brother of St John the Evangelist; Patron of Spain; legend says his body was taken by angels, and sailed in a rudderless, unattended boat to Spain where a massive rock closed around it; relics at Compostela, Spain
• Venerable MACARIUS 玛喀里 abbot of Zheltovodsk and Unzha (1444)
Ὁ Ὅσιος Μακάριος Ζελτοβόδας ὁ Θαυματουργός
• MAGNERICUS Bishop of Trier in Germany (596) a close friend of St Gregory of Tours
Grew up in the Trier, Germany residence of bishop Nicetius. Ordained by Nicetius. Accompanied the bishop into exile when Nicetius was banished by King Clotaire I as revenge for the king being excommunicated. Magnericus returned to Trier the next year. Bishop of Trier in 566. Ordained Saint Gaugericus. Gave sanctuary to bishop Theodore of Marseilles when he was exiled by Guntramnus of Burgundy in 585; spoke to King Childebert II on behalf of the bishop. Had a great devotion to Saint Martin of Tours, and built several monasteries and churches dedicated to him. Friend of Saint Gregory of Tours.
• Righteous MEINOLFUS of Paderborn, Ahchdeacon (847-857)
• Martyr MPORISOS (Romanus)
• NISSEN (5th c) convert of St Patrick of Ireland, he became Abbot of Montgarth (Mountgarret) in Wexford
• Holy Women OLYMPIAS (Olympia or Olympiada) 女奥林彼亚 the Deaconess of Constantinople (365-409)
Ἡ Ὁσία Ὀλυμπιάδα ἡ Διακόνισσα
Friend of St Gregory of Nyssa and Gregory the Theologian. Married to the Prefect of Constantinople. Widowed after 20 months of marriage, she turned down further offers of marriage. Deaconess. Used her fortune to found a hospital and orphanage, and to support the women‘s religious congregation that worked in them, and with whom she lived. Spiritual student of Saint John Chrysostom; she supported him while he was in exile, and some of their correspondence has survived. Advisor to Nectriae, Patriarch of Constantinople.
奥林皮亚斯出生于君士坦丁堡的显赫家庭。她的父亲亚尼修斯 赛昆杜斯是一位元老，母亲是有名的贵族欧拉维乌斯的女儿，在奇迹工作者圣尼科拉的传记中曾经提到过这位元老。当奥林皮亚斯到了结婚年龄的时候，她同一名贵族订了婚，但是在还没有成婚之前，这位贵族就死了。皇帝和其他的亲戚迫使她另嫁，但是结果是徒劳的。奥林皮亚斯拒绝了他们，并使自己的生活讨主喜悦，她将自己继承的一大笔财产都捐献给了教会，并周济穷人。在内克塔里乌斯担任牧首，以及在这位牧首去世后圣金口伊万接任牧首期间，她在教堂中任执事。当圣金口伊万遭到流放时，他劝说奥林皮亚斯留在教堂中，不管接任他的牧首将是谁。在这位伟大的圣人遭到流放之后，立即就有人开始放火烧毁教堂（神圣智慧哈吉亚 索菲亚教堂），这场大火烧毁了首都的许多有名的建筑物。圣金口伊万的敌人却指控奥林皮亚斯蓄意放火。由此，奥林皮亚斯从君士坦丁堡被驱逐到尼克枚蒂亚，并在那里离世，时年公元410 年。根据她的遗嘱，她的尸体被放在一个盒子中，并被投入到大海里，海水将其冲到哪里，哪里就是她的葬身之地。海水将她的棺柩冲到了沃洛克托伊市的海岸边，而为圣徒多马所修建的一座教堂就位于此地。多少个世纪以来，她的圣髑创下了无数奇迹，治愈了很多人的疾病。圣金口伊万给同遭流放的奥林皮亚斯写了非常感人的信，时至今日，这些信件仍为那些为基督真道的缘故而遭受痛苦的人带来巨大的安慰。其中的一封信是这样写的：“现在我感到非常高兴，不仅仅因为你从软弱中走了出来，而且在经受痛苦中表现出了崇高，视之为琐事，这是灵性中充满力量和勇气的人才能够表现出的举动。在磨难中你表现出了勇气，甚至在不幸到来的时候你都不加以理睬，没有挣扎、没有劳苦、没有骚乱，甚至同任何人都没有提及此，而是喜悦并克服它。这是明智人之举。”（书信六）
• Martyr PAUL of Palestine (308)
Martyred in the persecutions of Galerius. He spent his last minutes, standing at the executioner’s block, praying for his countrymen, his judges, his executioner, and the people who had come to see him die.
• Hosiosmartyr THEODEMIR of Cordoba, monk in Moorish-controlled Andalusia (851) martyred in Cordoba in Spain under Abderrahman II
In the Name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.
O God, be merciful to me, a sinner.
愿上帝怜恤我罪人
O Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God,
for the sake of the prayers
of Thy most pure Mother,
our holy and God-bearing fathers and all the saints, have mercy on us.
Amen.
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Blessed be God.
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