συνοδικός
April 22 / April 9
2018 (7526)
3rd Sunday of Pascha: THE MYRRH BEARING WOMEN (2018)
Κυριακὴ τῶν Μυροφόρων
• IBERIAN ("Spanish") Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos
The Spanish Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos, which is one of the Panachranta type, depicts the Mother of God seated upon a throne.
This Sunday the church services are taken from the contents of the Gospel narration about the appearance of the risen Lord to the Myrrhbearing women. This all-joyful appearance of the Lord was the first after His rising from the grave and consequently it is glorified by the Church at the present time as the undoubted proof of His resurrection. Besides these seven Myrrhbearing women, "there were also others, very many others, who served Christ and His disciples out of their means".
On the Sunday of the Myrrhbearers, the Church celebrates the memory of all the Saints associated with the city of Thessaloniki. Among these, it counts first of all the holy Apostle PAUL who exhorted the Thessalonians to "stand fast, and hold the traditions which ye have been taught, whether by word, or our epistle" (2 Thess. 2:15). But immediately after St Paul comes Thessaloniki’s Great Martyr St DEMETRIUS the Myrrh Gusher, whose relics continue to pour forth miracles even to this day. Perhaps next in fame are the great Apostles to the Slavs ― Ss CYRIL and METHODIUS ― to whom all Slavs are eternally indebted for bringing them the Gospel in their own language. Finally, we must not neglect to note the great Archbishop St GREGORY Palamas, who so courageously defended the Faith against the heresies of Barlaam and Akindynos. But these 5 are only the most renowned of a multitude of cœlestial luminaries standing before the throne of God in intercession for Thessaloniki.
1 Thessalonians 2:10 - 12: "You are witnesses, and God also, how holy and righteous and blameless was our conduct toward you believers. For you know how, like a father with his children, we exhorted each one of you and encouraged you and charged you to walk in a manner worthy of God, who calls you into his own kingdom and glory. "
• Hieromartyrs DESAN (Dausas) 德桑 the Bishop, the Priest MARIABUS 玛利亚博; and Martyrs ABDIESUS 阿博迪埃索 and ROMAN Captives, and 270 others in Persia (362) among 9 000 captured was St IA (September 11)
Ὁ Ἅγιος Αὐδιησοῦς ὁ Μάρτυρας καὶ οἱ σὺν αὐτῷ τριακόσιοι Μάρτυρες ἐν Περσίδι
9 000 Christians, including Bishop Heliodorus, the ancient priests Dausas and Mariabus, and many other priests and nuns, were captured by Persians who besieged Bethzarbe Castle on the Tigris. The bishop died on the road after ordaining Dausas as his successor, even though canon law requires three bishop for episcopal consecration except in necessity. Daily the captives celebrated the Eucharist with Dausas. When they arrived in Assyria, 300 were given the option of worshipping the sun or dying. 25 apostatized and were rewarded with gifts of land. The others remained constant and were all massacred together.
• Hieromartyr BADEMUS (Vadim) 瓦迪默 Archimandrite of Persia, and 7 disciples (379)
Ὁ Ἅγιος Βάδιμος ὁ Ὁσιομάρτυρας
在波斯王萨波尔在位期间，修道院的院长瓦丁姆这位以周济著称的圣人被投入到监狱，同时还包括他的7个门徒。在监狱中有一个名叫尼尔桑的王子，他也是一名基督徒。他们每天都被拖出来遭受鞭打。尼尔桑非常害怕，于是他答应了将否认基督，并敬拜太阳神。这使萨波尔王非常高兴，于是他向尼尔桑许诺，如果尼尔桑亲手斩首瓦丁姆，那么他将瓦丁姆所在的修道院的财产全部赏赐给尼尔桑。尼尔桑同意了。尼尔桑被瓦丁姆威严的面容所震撼，他举起颤抖的双手砍了多次才最终将瓦丁姆斩首。不久之后，尼尔桑变得绝望，他用剑刺死了自己，由此因杀死正义人而得到了应有的惩罚。圣瓦丁姆于公元376年荣耀殉道。
• Martyrs of Pannonia: 7 Virgin Martyrs in Sirmium in Pannonia
• MM HERMOGENES, CAIUS, EXPEDITUS, ARISTONICUS, RUFUS, GALATA & Companions are Armenian martyrs who are believed to have suffered at Melitene
• Martyrs DEMETRIUS, CONCESSUS, HILARY & Companions
• Martyrs of North-West Africa: a group of Christians martyred in Masyla, or the adjacent country, on the sea-coast of Africa
• HEDDA Abbot of Peterborough in England and 84 monks of his monastery martyred by the Danes (869)
Hedda was the abbot of Peterborough (Medehampstead). He and 84 monks of his community were slain by the Danes, who that same year killed Saint Edmund of East Anglia. Hedda and his monks are venerated as martyrs, even though modern scholars believe that the motivation for the murders was booty and not the hatred of Christianity. In the later Middle Ages the "Hedda stone" stood in the cemetery over the grave of the martyrs.
• THEODORE Abbot of Crowland in England and his monks mentioned by name: ASKEGA and SWETHIN, ELFGETE a deacon, SABINUS a subdeacon, acolytes EGDRED and ULRIC, and also centenarians GRIMKELD and AGAMUND martyred by the Danes (869)
• Newly Revealed Martyrs Archimandrite RAPHAEL 拉法伊尔, Deacon NICHOLAS 尼科拉, and child IRENE 伊里尼 of Lesbos, and ELENI (who was also called Susanna; Irene's older cousin, who had been adopted by her uncle Basil the mayor and aunt Maria, the parents of Saint Irene, after the death of her parents) and those with them (1463)
• NM Grand Duchess ELIZABETH and 17 Sisters were tonsured at Sts Martha & Mary Convent (1910)
• Martyr GABRIEL 加百列 Fomin (1882-1942) day of death in prison in Unzhlag NKVD KZ of Unzhensk, Sukhobezvodnoje station of Gor’kij
Ὁ Ὅσιος Ἀκάτιος Ἐπίσκοπος Ἀμίδης Μεσοποταμίας
Bishop Acacius of Amida (Diarbekir) in Mesopotamia is distinguished for his heroic charity to Persian prisoners. In order to ransom them, Acacius melted down and sold the sacred vessels of the church. This won for him the friendship of King Bahram V (Varannes) of Persia, who is said to have forthwith ceased to persecute his Christian subjects.
• New Martyr DEMETRIUS of the Peolponnesos (1803) // 3RD SUNDAY OF PASCHA // APR 13 //
• DOTTO Abbot of a monastery in the Orkney Islands off the coast of Scotland (6th c.)
One of the isles of Orkney, in which he founded and governed a great monastery in the 6th century, bears his name to this day. In the same island stood other monasteries and churches dedicated to God under the patronage of St Brenden. Though all the isles of Orkney are recommended for the healthfulness of the air, and longevity of the inhabitants, this of St Dotto is remarkable above the rest on these accounts.
Our saint lived near one hundred years, and with great joy repeated in his last moments: "I have rejoiced in those things which have been told me: we will go into the house of the Lord. "
• New Martyr ELIAS Ardunis (1686) // 3RD SUNDAY OF PASCHA // JAN 31 //
• Martyr EUPSYCHIUS 艾弗普西赫 of Caesarea in Cappadocia (362)
Ὁ Ἅγιος Εὐψύχιος ὁ ἐν Καισαρείᾳ
A native of Cappadocia, Saint Eupsychios was hardly married when inflamed by divine zeal he gathered a crowd of Christians and utterly destroyed the Temple of Fortune. Julian the Apostate, who believed in this divinity, condemned Eupsychios to be beheaded as responsible for this action on September 7, 362.
圣欧普塞丘斯出身于贵族家庭，接受了虔诚的基督教信仰的指导。在叛教者犹利安在位时期，当时正是圣大瓦西里在恺撒里亚管理上帝的教会。欧普塞丘斯同一个才貌出众的女子结了婚。不管怎样，欧普塞丘斯甚至没有过上一天的婚姻生活，因为当时在举行婚礼时，正赶上异教徒们庆祝一个节日，为财神献祭。欧普塞丘斯同他的伙伴一起进入了寺庙中，将偶像全部捣毁，甚至也将寺庙毁灭。听到这事之后，犹利安非常生气，并下令将有关人员斩首；许多基督徒被迫服役；并向所有的基督徒征收重税；这样，他们用从基督徒那里征得的财物重新修建了财神庙，并取消了克劳迪所命名的该市的辉煌的名字“恺撒里亚”，改为“马扎”。起初，欧普塞丘斯被绑在一个大树上，受到了残酷的折磨，后来于公元362年被斩首。不久之后，邪恶的皇帝犹利安在向波斯争战时途径“马扎”市。圣大瓦西里出来迎接他，为他带来三个大麦面包，作为对他的尊敬和热情。皇帝下令回敬了一束干草。圣瓦西里对皇帝说：“皇帝，你在同我们开玩笑吗？我们为你们献上的是我们食用的面包，而你给我们的却是牲口的饲料，就算是你的命令，但是这也不能转变成人食用的东西。”皇帝回答说：“你要知道，当我从波斯回来时，你就应该食用干草了。”不管怎样，邪恶的皇帝没有从波斯返回，因为这是他的报应，死在了征途上。
• HUGH of Rouen (Hugh of Champagne) Bishop of Rouen and then of Paris, and was also Abbot of Fontenelle and Jumièges (730)
Saint Hugh became a monk at either Fontenelle or Jumièges at a very early age. Then he was called to be primicerius of Metz and, shortly thereafter, in 722, bishop of Rouen and Paris while still abbot of Fontenelle and Jumièges. During his tenure in these offices Hugh fostered piety and learning. Before his death, however, he resigned them all and died at Jumièges as a simple monk. In art, Saint Hugh is a bishop with a monstrance that the devil tries to wrest from him. He is venerated at Fontenelle, Jumièges.
• Martyress YPOMONI
• Sainted LIBORIUS Bishop of Le Mans (397)
• MARCELLUS Bishop of Die, celebrated for miracles (474) born in Avignon in France, he succeeded his own brother St Petronius as Bishop of Die. He suffered much from the Arians
Born in Avignon, France; died 474. Saint Marcellus was educated by his own brother Saint Petronius, bishop of Die (not of Saint-Dié), and later succeeded him. Marcellus was consecrated by Bishop Saint Mamertius of Vienne. Marcellus suffered much from the Arians and died after a long episcopate. Meanwhile, Mamertius was censured by the Holy See for the consecration without the proper authority. Saint Marcellus is portrayed as a bishop leading a dragon with his stole around its neck. This is typical of several saints because casting the stole round the creature's neck was the accepted way of subduing dragons or devils. Marcellus is venerated at Avignon.
• Holy Myrrh Bearer MARY (also Maria) Wife of Cleopas (also Cleophas or Clopas) (1st c.)
Mary of Cleophas, the "other Mary", followed our Lord to Calvary (Matt. 27:56; Mark 15:40; John 19:25) and saw Him after His Resurrection (Mark 16:1; Luke 24:10). She was the mother of James the Younger, Joseph (Matt. 27:56; Mark 15:40), Simon, and Jude; wife of Cleophas (John 19:25); and sister of the Blessed Virgin (John 19:25). Later legend says that Mary went to Spain, where she died at Ciudad Rodrigo. Another legend had her accompanying Lazarus, Mary Magdalene, and Martha to Provence. Both these stories are unreliable. Mary Cleophas is normally portrayed with all four of her children. Occasionally the sons carry the following emblems: Jude, a boat; Simeon, a fish; James, a palm branch or a mill (probably a fuller's mill); and Joseph Barsabas, three leaves or a cup. Mary Cleophas may also be portrayed with Mary Salome who together support the Virgin during the Crucifixion or are present with Mary Magdalene at the Resurrection.
• MATERIANA (Madrun, Madryn, Merthiana, and Mertheriana) of Cornwall (Madrun) a Welsh saint and princess from Wales or Cornwall to whom some Welsh churches are dedicated (5th c.) W., Recluse in Merionethshire and Cornwall, Fndr. of Churches at Tintagel, Minster and Trawsfynydd
According to a dubious vita, Madrun was the eldest of three daughters of King Vortimer the Blessed and wife of Ynyr Gwent, ruler of the area around Caerwent (Monmouthshire). Following the battle described by Nennius in which Vortigern was killed, Madrun fled with the youngest of her three children, Ceidio, first to Carn Fadryn and then to Cornwall. After her father's death ruled over Gwent with her husband Prince Ynyr. She was either Welsh or Cornish, and churches are dedicated to her honor in Tintagel and Minster (near Boscastle), where she was buried.
• Translation of the holy relics of Saint MONICA 莫尼加 of Tagaste (331-387) to Rome
Μετακομιδὴ Τιμίων Λειψάνων Ἁγίας Μόνικας εἰς Ρώμη
An early Christian saint and the mother of St Augustine of Hippo. She is remembered and honored in most Christian denominations, albeit on different feast days, for her outstanding Christian virtues, particularly the suffering caused by her husband's adultery, and her prayerful life dedicated to the reformation of her son, who wrote extensively of her pious acts and life with her in his Confessions. Popular Christian legends recall Saint Monica weeping every night for her son Augustine.
聖莫尼加（331年 - 387年），常被稱作 希波的莫尼加，是早期基督教聖人、聖奧思定的母親。聖莫尼加在眾多基督教宗派中都很受尊敬，因為她具有高尚的美德，特別體現在處於不幸的家庭生活中的堅忍、期待兒子回歸教會所作的日日夜夜的祈禱（這在聖奧思定的懺悔錄中有所敘述）。部分基督教聖人傳指出莫尼加為兒子奧思定每晚流淚，請求天主使奧思定回心轉意。
She was born in 331 A.D. in Tagaste, which is present-day Algeria. When she was very young, she was married off to the Roman pagan Patricius, who shared his mother's violent temper. Patricius' mother lived with the couple and the duo's temper flares proved to be a constant challenge to young Monica. While Monica's prayers and Christian deeds bothered Patricius, he is said to have respected her beliefs. Three children were born to Monica and Patricius: Augustine, Navigius, and Perpetua. Unfortunately, Monica was unable to baptize her children and when Augustine fell ill, Monica pleaded with Patricius to allow their son to be baptized. Patricius allowed it, but when Augustine was healthy again, he withrew his permission. For years Monica prayed for her husband and mother-in-law, until finally, one year before Patricius' death, she successfully converted them. As time passed, Perpetua and Navigius entered the religious life, but unfortunately Augustine became lazy and uncouth. This greatly worried Monica, so when Patricius died, she sent the 17year-old Augustine to Carthage for schooling. While in Carthage, Augustine became a Manichaean, which was a major religion that saw the world as light and darkness, and when one died, they were removed from the world of matter and returned to the world of light, which is where life comes from. After Augustine got his education and returned home, he shared his views with Monica, who drove him from her table. Though it is not recorded how much time passed, Monica had a vision that convinced her to reconcile with her wayward son.
Monica went to a bishop, who told her, "THE CHILD OF THOSE TEARS SHALL NEVER PERISH."
Inspired, Monica followed Augustine to Rome, where she learned he had left for Milan. She continued her persual and eventually came upon St Ambrose, who helped her convert Augustine to Christianity following his seventeen-year resistance. Augustine later wrote a book called Confessions, in which he wrote of Monica's habit of bringing "to certain oratories, erected in the memory of the saints, offerings of porridge, bread, water and wine." When Monica moved to Milan, a bishop named Ambrose told her wine "might be an occasion of gluttony for those who were already given to drink," so she stopped preparing wine as offerings for the saints. Augustine wrote: "In place of a basket filled with fruits of the earth, she had learned to bring to the oratories of the martyrs a heart full of purer petitions, and to give all that she could to the poor - so that the communion of the Lord's body might be rightly celebrated in those places where, after the example of his passion, the martyrs had been sacrificed and crowned." After a period of six months, Augustine was baptized in the church of St John the Baptist at Milan. The pair were led to believe they should spread the Word of God to Africa, but it the Roman city of Civitavecchia, Monica passed away. Augustine recorded the words she imparted upon him when she realized death was near. "Son, nothing in this world now affords me delight. I do not know what there is now left for me to do or why I am still here, all my hopes in this world being now fulfilled." She was buried at Ostia, and her body was removed during the 6th century to a hidden crypt in the church of Santa Aurea in Osta, near the tomb of St Aurea of Ostia. In 1430 her relics were ordered to be brought to Rome and many miracles were reported to have occurred along the way.
• Hieromartyr PROCHORUS of Nicomedia (1st c.) of the 7 Deacons ordained the by Apostles. Tradition says that he afterwards became bishop of Nicomedia and was martyred at Antioch
• SERAPHIM Bishop of Phanar (1610) // 3RD SUNDAY OF PASCHA // DEC 4 //
• The Holy Nobleborn Empress of Gruzia (Georgia) TAMARA the Great // 3RD SUNDAY OF PASCHA // MAY 1 //
• WALTRUDE (Woutruide, Waldetrudis, Vaudru, Waltrudis, Waltrud, Waldetrud, Wandru, Waudru, Vantrude) 邬特路伊德 monastic foundress at Bergen (Netherlands) renowned for holiness of life and miracles (688) W., Fndr. of Monastery Chateaulieu at Mons, Patroness of Mons in Belgium
Daughter of Sts Walbert and Bertilia, wife of St Vincent Madelgarus and mother of Sts Landericus, Dentelin, Madalberta and Aldetrudis. When her husband became a monk she founded a convent and became a nun. The town of Mons in Belgium grew up around the convent.
Synaxarion: THE SUNDAY OF THE HOLY MYRRHBEARING WOMEN
The Sunday of the Holy Myrrhbearing Women, St Joseph of Arimathea, and St Nicodemus
On this day, the 3rd Sunday of Pascha, we celebrate the memory of the Holy Myrrhbearing Women. We also commemorate St Joseph of Arimathea, who was one of the seventy secret Apostles. We also remember St Nicodemus, who came to Christ at night and was one of the leaders of the Jews.
We remember the women because they were the first to truthfully bear witness to the Resurrection, while Joseph and Nicodemus were the first to bear witness to the burial of Christ. These two facts are both true and well known by us. Nicodemus was immediately banished from the synagogue and was forbidden to rejoin it. After burying the Body of Jesus, Joseph was thrown into a deep pit; however, by the grace of God, he was delivered from it and went to his estate in Arimathea. After His Resurrection, Christ showed Himself to Joseph, who was tied in bonds, thus firmly confirming the mystery of the Resurrection. Joseph suffered a great deal at the hands of his persecutors, but he could not bear to keep silent concerning all these mystical events and boldly taught all people about what had taken place regarding Jesus. It is said that Nicodemus, was the first to proclaim in detail what had occurred at the Passion and Resurrection of Christ. Since he was one of the foremost in the Council of the Jews and a Pharisee, he knew firsthand the councils and plots of the Jewish leaders and all that had come to pass regarding the Lord. Thus, as was first stated, St Nicodemus and St Joseph are commemorated after the Resurrection, together with the women who saw the risen Christ, because they are true and authentic witnesses of the Burial.
Although St Thomas was commemorated last Sunday, it is still right that the descendants of Eve ― this same Eve that first fell into sin and inherited the curse ― should be the first to behold the Resurrection and to hear the joyful tidings concerning it. The reason they are called "Myrrhbearers" is this: since that Friday was the day before the Passover, for great was that Saturday, Joseph and Nicodemus struggled to bury the Lord's Body, anointing It with ointments according to the custom of the Jews, but not in a fittingly proper manner. They were able only to apply some aloes and a bit more myrrh on His most pure Body before wrapping Him in thin linen and laying Him in the tomb that was hewn out of rock. This tomb belonged to Joseph, and since the burial was carried out so quickly and because of his love for his Master, he gave his own tomb to hold the most Pure Body of Christ ― that Body that even the whole universe cannot contain. Because of this, the women in their fervent love for Christ, as true disciples, purchased expensive ointments, myrrh-oils, and came to the tomb while it was night ― either because of their fear of the Jews or because it was the custom to weep at the site of the grave in the early morning. In short, they strongly desired to anoint Him properly and fulfill all that had been omitted due to the hurried manner of the burial. When they arrived at the tomb, they saw many signs, such as two radiant angels who were inside the tomb and another who was seated on the stone. They then saw Christ and worshiped Him, but Mary Magdalene thought He was the gardener and inquired concerning the Lord's Body. Yet, we should know that there were more Myrrhbearers than those mentioned by the Evangelists, for they named only those who were more well known and were silent concerning the others. The 1st one of them is MARY MAGDALENE from whom Christ had cast out seven devils. After the Resurrection of Christ, she went to Rome, where she told Tiberius Caesar all that Pilate and the leaders of the Jews had done to the Savior. Her testimony was enough to condemn them to death. When Mary Magdalene visited the Emperor Tiberius Caesar in Rome, holding a plain egg in her hand, she greeted him with the words: "Christ is Risen!" Th Emperor exclaimed: "How can someone rise from the dead? This is hard to believe. It is just as likely that Christ rose from the dead as it is likely that the egg you an holding will turn red." Even as he spoke the egg's color began turning into a brilliant red. She then began preaching Christ to the Emperor and the imperial household. Following this, Mary Magdalene went to Ephesus, where she died and was buried by John the Theologian. Later her body was moved to Constantinople by the emperor Leo the Wise. The 2nd woman is SALOME who was the daughter of Joseph, the guardian of the Theotokos. (This is what many of the Fathers believed. However, both St John of Damascus and St Jerome, among others, held firmly that St Joseph had no children, nor had he been previously married.) She was the wife of Zebedee and the mother of John the Theologian and the Holy Apostle James. Joseph had four sons: James (called the Less), Joses, Simon, and Jude; and three daughters: Esther, Tamara, and Salome, the wife of Zebedee. Thus, when you hear the Gospel say Mary, the mother of James the Less and Joses, you should be aware that this refers to the Theotokos, for she was considered their mother (step- mother). Thus, John the Theologian would be the son of Jesus' sister (step-sister), His nephew. The 3rd Myrrhbearer is JOANNA the wife of Chouza, who was an administrator and steward in the house of King Herod Antipas. The 4th and 5th women were MARY and MARTHA the sisters of Lazarus. The 6th was MARY the wife of Cleopas, and the 7th was SUSANNA. There were also other women, as St Luke says, who served Christ and the disciples from their own abundance.
Thus, the Church has designated this day, the 1st Sunday after Thomas Sunday, to commemorate these women who preached the Resurrection and the many other signs that confirmed and verified the Resurrection of Christ. Therefore, Christ's Church has determined to celebrate these women as the ones who were the first to behold Christ risen from the dead, who announced to all the prophecy of salvation, and who lived their lives in Christ in a fitting manner as ones who had been taught by Christ Himself.
Through the prayers of the Holy Myrrhbearing Women, St Joseph of Arimathea and St Nicodemus, O Christ our God, have mercy on us and save us. Amen.
In the Name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.
O God, be merciful to me, a sinner.
愿上帝怜恤我罪人
O Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God,
for the sake of the prayers
of Thy most pure Mother,
our holy and God-bearing fathers and all the saints, have mercy on us.
Amen.
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Blessed be God.
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