συνοδικός
March 31 / March 18
2018 (7526)
Μεγάλη Τεσσαρακοστή • GREAT 40 DAYS • Μεγάλη Νηστεία • GREAT FAST
DAY 41
拉撒路聖週六 THE RAISING OF LAZARUS (Lazarus Saturday)
Σάββατον τοῦ Ἁγίου καὶ Δικαίου Λαζάρου
Lazarus Saturday in the Eastern Orthodox Church is the day before Palm Sunday to which it is liturgically linked. It celebrates the raising of Lazarus of Bethany, the narrative of which is found in the Gospel of John (John 11:1-45).
拉撒路聖週六，又稱拉匝路週六，聖週的第一天，棕枝主日的前一天，基督教紀念日，源自於拜占庭禮儀。這個日子被用來紀念《新約》中拉撒路的復活。
• Martyrs TROPHIMUS 特若斐默 and EUCARPUS 艾弗卡尔普 soldiers of Nicomedia (300)
Οἱ Ἅγιοι Εὐκαρπίων καὶ Τρόφιμος οἱ Μάρτυρες καὶ οἱ σὺν αὐτοῖς Μαρτυρήσαντες
• Martyrdom of Sts ABRIANUS; his wife AMRATA; EUSEBIUS; ARMANIUS; and 40 Martyrs
• MM MARY, APRILIS, SERVULUS and 23 Companions at Nicomedia
• 1 000 MM at Nicomedia (302) beheaded after false denunciations against Christians were made at the instigation of the court
• 10 000 Martyrs of Nicomedia (Myriads of Holy Martyrs) by the sword
Οἱ Ἅγιοι μύριοι Μάρτυρες
• Hieromartyrs bishop NARCISSUS and his deacon FELIX (307) honoured as martyrs in Gerona in Catalonia in Spain
• Repose of Abbot MARK of Optina Monastery (1909)
• New Hieromartyr DIMITRY 迪弥特里 Rozov, presbiter, priest (1889-1938) day of death in Bamlag KZ, Izvestkovaja station of Birsk at Amur
• Martyress NATALIA 纳塔利亚 Baklanova, novice of Novodevichy convent of Smolensk Hodegitria in Moskow (1890-1938) day of death in KZ in Mariinsk of Kemerovo
• Hosiosmartyress Righteous nun Mother MARIA 玛利亚 (Elisabeth Pilenko and Kuzmina-Karavajeva, Mary Skobtsova) of Paris, who suffered at Ravensbrück concentration camp, Germany (1891-1945) noblewoman, poet, nun, and member of the French Resistance during World War II // JUL 20 //
She encouraged hospitality and love of one's neighbor, often in the most uncompromising of terms. She considered this to be the foundation of the Christian gospel, and she embodied it in her life. On March 30, 1945 — Great, Holy and Good Friday that year — Mother Maria was selected for the gas chambers, in which she perished the following day, on Great and Holy Saturday. Accounts are at odds about what happened. According to one, she was one of the many selected for death that day. According to another, she took the place of another prisoner, a Jew, who had been chosen. Although perishing in the gas chamber, she did not perish in the Church's memory. Survivors of the war who had known her would again and again draw attention to the ideas, insights and activities of the unusual nun who had spent so many years coming to the aid of people in desperate straights.
She was glorified by the Church of Constantinople on January 16, 2004, along with her companions, Priest Dmitri Klepinin, her son George (Yuri) Skobtsov, and Elie Fondaminsky. They are commemorated on July 20 as Martyrs of Paris.
Saint Mother Maria of Paris pray unto God for us! • Sainted NIKOLAJ Velimirović, Bishop of Ochrid and Zica, Serbia (1956) The New Chrysostom reposed at Libertyville, Illinois
• Venerable ANINUS (Ananias, Aninas) 阿纳尼亚 the Wonderworker (982) of Chalcedon, presbyter and hieromonk, of the Euphrates
Ὁ Ὅσιος Ἀνανίας ὁ Θαυματουργός
阿尼纳出生于卡尔斯顿，他身材矮小，但他却如同旧时的撒该一样，大有灵性和信仰。阿尼纳15岁就从这个世界中隐退，在幼发拉底河的一个小屋居住下来。在那里，他恒切地祷告上帝，以求赦免自己的罪过，起初是同他的恩师马尤姆在一起，自从恩师去世后，他就独自一人潜心修行。他的祷告大有能力，能使枯井重新蓄水、能治愈各种疾病，并能驯服野兽。一个驯服的狮子一直都陪伴着他，并随时为他服务。他还能预见未来。当柱头修士彼奥尼在远离阿尼纳的地方遭受了盗贼的攻击和毒打时，他决定从柱子上下来，并准备上告到法官。圣阿尼纳看出了这位柱头修士的心思意念。于是阿尼纳给彼奥尼写了一封信，由他的那头狮子带给彼奥尼，劝说他放弃这个念头，宽恕毒打他的人，并继续潜心修行。阿尼纳非常的慈善。有一次，新凯撒利亚的主教送给了他一只驴，以便减轻他到河里打水的辛苦，但是他却将这只驴送给了一个穷人，这个穷人向他诉苦他的贫穷；主教又送给了他一只驴，而他又将这只驴送给了别人。最后，主教送给他第三只驴时说，这只驴不仅要用于运水，而且要精心照料，并要将其归还。在阿尼纳临终前，他看见了摩伊息斯、亚伦和埃及的一名修士奥尔向他走来，对他说：“阿尼纳，主正在召唤你，起来同我们一起走吧！”他将此事告诉了他的门徒，而后将灵魂交给他一直服侍的上帝的手中，享年110岁。
• Sainted BRAULIO Bishop of Saragossa (651)
• Holy CAEMHÁN
• COMMANETH of Kilcomenty Parish, County of Tipperary
• Sainted CYRIL 基里尔 Archbishop of Jerusalem (386)
Ὁ Ἅγιος Κύριλλος Πατριάρχης Ἱεροσολύμων
基里尔出生于君士坦丁大帝在位期间，并于德奥多西大帝在位期间（公元315－386）去世。基里尔于公元346年被任命为司祭，并于公元350年接任有福的玛克西默的职务，成为耶路撒冷的牧首。他曾经三次被废黜，并遭到流放；直到德奥多西执政时才得以恢复其原职，在平安中渡过了最后8年，而后安息主怀。基里尔曾经历了两次大的挑战：第一次就是对抗阿里乌斯异教徒，在君士坦丁的儿子康斯坦蒂乌斯在位时，阿里乌斯异教徒逐渐变得有势力；第二次就是对抗叛教者犹利安统治期间的犹太人。在阿里乌斯异端占据优势的时候，在圣灵降临节那天，天空中出现了一个十字架，比太阳更明亮，它覆盖的范围遍及整个耶路撒冷和橄榄山，从早晨9点开始，一直持续了几个小时。耶路撒冷的所有民众都看到了这个场面。大力支持东正教，并抵抗异端的皇帝康斯坦蒂乌斯也得到了有关这个现象的报告。在叛教者犹利安统治期间，也出现了同样的景观。为了羞辱基督徒，犹利安说服犹太人着手重建所罗门殿。基里尔向上帝祷告，不要成全此事。之后，一场可怕的地震摧毁了新建立的殿。犹太人接着再次修建，而后，又发生了一场地震，这次地震不仅摧毁了修建的部分，而且将原有的石头都翻到地基之下了。因此，这就应验了主的话：“将来在这里，没有一块石头留在石头上不被拆毁了（玛特泰福音／太／玛24：2－路喀福音／路加21：6）”。在基里尔的众多著作中，《讲道问答》是一部保存至今的作品，这部作品肯定了正教信仰及其仪式。这位圣人既是一位出众的主教，也是一位伟大的修行者。他温和、谦卑，由于戒斋致使其身体感到疲惫和虚弱。他为东正教信仰而勤劳工作，并进行了崇高的斗争，之后安然离世，得以进入上帝永生的国度。
• Venerable archmandrite CYRIL 基里尔 of Astrakhan (1576)
Ὁ Ὅσιος Κύριλλος τοῦ Ἀστραχάν
• Venerable monk DANIEL 达尼伊尔 of Egypt (576)
The Monk Daniel asceticised in Egypt in the 6th c. At the instigation of the devil they accused him of profligacy, and he endured without complaint all the unjust abuse, taking comfort in the words of the Lord: "Blessed are ye, when men shalt revile you... and shalt say all manner of evil against you falsely, for My sake" (Mt. 5: 11). The saint was the teacher of the Monk Anastasias the Patrician (10 March).
• EDWARD 爱德华 the Martyr (978) the son of Edgar the Peaceful, he became King of England at the age of 13, in 978 he was murdered by plotters at Corfe and buried in Wareham in Dorset. He was at once acclaimed as a martyr. His relics are venerated in an Orthodox church in Surrey to this day // MAR 18 // FEB 13 UNCOV REL // JUN 20 ELEVATION REL // TR REL SEP 3 //
Ὁ Ἅγιος Ἐδουάρδος βασιλέας τῆς Ἀγγλίας
• EGBERT (720) a monk at Ripon in England, where his relics were venerated
• FINAN of Aberdeen (595) Disciple of Saint Kentigern (Mungo)
• FREDIANO (Frigidanus, Frigdianus) Bishop of Lucca (588)
Born in Ireland, he went on pilgrimage to Rome and settled in Italy as a hermit on Monte Pisano. In 566 he became Bishop of Lucca. He rebuilt the Cathedral after it had been burnt down by the Lombards.
• LAZARUS the Righteous (Lazarus the Just) the friend of Christ (1st c.) "Of the Four Days" (in the tomb), bishop of Kition in Cyprus, righteous // DAY OF RESURRECTION OF LAZARUS MOVABLE FEAST 6TH SATURDAY OF THE GREAT LENT, LAZARUS SATURDAY // OCT 17/30 TR REL //
Ὁ Ἅγιος Λάζαρος ὁ Δίκαιος, ὁ φίλος τοῦ Χριστοῦ
Lazarus of Bethany, also known as Saint Lazarus or Lazarus of the Four Days, is the subject of a prominent miracle of Jesus in the Gospel of John, in which Jesus restores him to life four days after his death. According to the Gospel of John, Lazarus lived in the town of Bethany (approximately two miles outside of Jerusalem in the present day West Bank) with his two sisters, Mary and Martha. On His way to Jerusalem before the Passover, the sisters had sent word to Jesus and His Apostles that Lazarus was ill. The Lord tarried where He was, later perceiving Lazarus' death. When He arrived, Lazarus had already been in his tomb for four days. When Martha reproached Our Lord for not arriving sooner, Christ assured her that Lazarus would rise. Martha mistook this for the universal resurrection on Judgment Day, to which He replied, "I am the resurrection and the life: he that believeth in me, though he were dead, yet shall he live. And whosoever believeth in me shall never die" (John 11:25-26). In the presence of the mourners, the Lord ordered the stone rolled away from Lazarus' tomb and bade him to come forth. Lazarus did so, still in his grave wrappings. Jesus then called for the crowd to remove the wrappings and free him. St John goes on to explain that even more Jews were convinced of Jesus' divinity. This event struck fear into the hearts of the Jewish leaders, so much so that they even considered putting Lazarus to death (John 12:9-11). The religious hierarchy of the Jews at this time was dominated by Sadducees, who denied the resurrection. The Raising of Lazarus represents a testimony to the resurrection - both Christ's and the universal resurrection, as well as Our Lord as victor over death.
According to an ancient tradition, it is said that Lazarus was thirty years old when the Lord raised him; then he lived another thirty years on Cyprus and there reposed in the Lord. He is most commonly associated with Cyprus, where he is said to have become the first bishop of Kition (Larnaka), and Provence, where he is said to have been the first bishop of Marseille. When Apostle Paul and Apostle Barnabas travelled to Cyprus, they ordained Lazarus as the first Bishop of Kition. This is why all episcopal thrones in Larnaca have the icon of St. Lazarus instead of Christ, which is the standard custom of the church.
Another famous tradition related to Lazarus is the discovery of Mount Athos in 52 AD by the Theotokos. Lazarus was very close to the Virgin Mary and he was very grieved that he could not return to Jerusalem to visit her (he was still in fear of the Jews). The Theotokos learned of his sorrow and sent him a letter to comfort him. She asked that he might send a ship to her that she might visit him in Cyprus. With great joy, Lazarus sent a ship to the Holy Land to bring the Virgin Mary and John, the beloved disciple to Cyprus for a visit. However on their journey, a great storm blew them off course and carried them to the shores of Ephesus and then the ship to the shores of Athos, Greece. Unaware that divine providence had brought her to this area, the Virgin Mary completely taken by the beauty of the area, prayed to her son that this could be her garden devoted to prayer to "fight the good fight of faith". Having converted, blessed and established a new Christian community from the local idolaters they set sail for Cyprus and met with Lazarus.
Further establishing the apostolic nature of Lazarus' appointment, was the tradition that the bishop's omophorion and epimanikia were presented to Lazarus by the Virgin Mary, who had woven it herself. It is furthermore related that after he was raised from the dead, he never laughed till the end of his life, but that once only, when he saw someone stealing a clay vessel, he smiled and said, "Clay stealing clay." His grave is situated in the city of Kition, having the inscription: "Lazarus the four days dead and friend of Christ." In 890 his sacred relics were transferred to Constantinople by Emperor Leo the Wise, at which time undoubtedly the Emperor composed his stichera for Vespers, "Wishing to behold the tomb of Lazarus . . ."
• Sainted TETRICUS 泰特里科 bishop of Langres in Gaul (572) the uncle of St Gregory of Tours and the son of St Gregory, bishop of Langres. Tetricus succeeded to the see upon his father's passing, a custom in that era
Tetricus came from a noble Gallo-Roman senatorial family, his father was Gregor of Langres. Tetricus was one of his three sons and the only one known by name. He succeeded his father 539/540 as Bishop of Langres and is said to have held this office for 33 years. Like his father, he resided chiefly in Dijon. Tetricus participated in the Fifth Council of Orleans (549) and The Council of Paris (552). According to Gregory of Tours, who was a later relative of Tetricus, the Merovingian king Chilperic I had a dream in which Tetricus with Agroecula of Chalon and Nicetus of Lyon appeared to the king.
SYNAXARION FOR LAZARUS SATURDAY
On this day, the Saturday before Palm Sunday, we celebrate the fourth-day raising from the dead of Lazarus, the righteous friend of Christ.
Lazarus was a Hebrew, of the sect of the Pharisees and, as far as is known, he was the son of Simon the Pharisee, who dwelt in the village of Bethany. He became a friend of our Lord Jesus Christ when He sojourned on earth for the salvation of our race. For when Christ continually conversed with Simon, entering his house and discoursing on the resurrection from the dead, Lazarus was quite pleased with the genuineness of this teaching, and not only he, but also his two sisters, Martha and Mary.
As the time of the Savior's Passion drew near, when it was especially necessary to believe in the Mystery of the Resurrection, Jesus was sojourning on the other side of the Jordan. Here, He raised from the dead the daughter of Jairus and the son of the widow. At this time, His friend, Lazarus, contracted a grievous illness and died. Then Jesus, even though He was not present there, said to His disciples, Our friend Lazarus sleepeth; but I go, that I may awake him out of sleep (John 11:11), and again a little later, Lazarus is dead. (See John 11:14.) Then Jesus left the Jordan and went to Bethany, which was about fifteen stadia (approximately 2 miles) away from Jerusalem. Martha, the sister of Lazarus, went to meet Him and said, Lord, if thou hadst been here, my brother had not died. But I know, that even now, whatsoever thou wilt ask of God, God will give it thee. (John 11:21-22). Jesus asked the crowd, Where have ye laid him? (John 11:34.) Immediately everyone went to the tomb. As the stone was removed, Martha said, Lord, by this time he stinketh: for he hath been dead four days. (John 11:39). He shed tears for the one lying there, and He cried out with a loud voice, Lazarus, come forth (John 11:43). At once, he who was dead came forth, was unbound, and set out for home amidst great rejoicing and thanksgiving. This strange wonder roused the Hebrew people to malice, and they were infuriated with Christ. But Jesus once more fled and escaped. The high priests determined to kill Lazarus, because many who saw him were won over to Christ. Since Lazarus knew what they were thinking, he sailed away to Cyprus. He dwelt there and was later elevated by the Holy Apostles to be Archbishop of Citium (present-day Larnaka). He was beloved by God, conducting himself most nobly as an archpastor, performing many miracles.
Thirty years after his resurrection, in 63 A.D., he died once more and was buried in Citium.
It is said that after his return to life Lazarus ate only meals having some sweetness, because of the bitter taste in his mouth from having been dead. Also, it is related that the All-Holy Mother of God sewed his omophorion and cuffs with her own hands and presented them to him as a gift. Furthermore, it is told that Lazarus never laughed more than once after being raised from the dead, and that was when he observed someone stealing a clay vessel. At that point he smiled and said, "Clay stealing clay." Lazarus said nothing concerning those in Hades, either because he was not permitted to behold anything, or he was directed to be silent about what he had seen.
The most wise emperor Leo, in 890 A.D., after a divine vision, transported the precious and holy relics of this saint to Constantinople to the church of St. Lazarus that he had constructed and deposited them reverently and ceremoniously to the right of the church's entrance against the front walls of the holy bema. Here his precious relics still remain, exuding an ineffable fragrance. The translation of his holy relics is commemorated on October 17.
The resurrection of Lazarus is appointed to be celebrated on this present day, after the forty-day purifying Fast, because our Holy and God-bearing Fathers, especially the Holy Apostles, found this miracle to be the beginning and cause of the fury of the Jews against Christ, when He was about to give Himself over to His Holy Sufferings. For this reason they placed this extraordinary and wonderful event here. In addition, the placement of this feast by the Holy Fathers serves as a necessary rest" and "transition" between the rigors of the Fast and the awesome and saving events of Holy Week. For in truth, yesterday evening's Vespers not only ended the Holy Forty Days, but also ushered us into a joyous resurrectional prelude that will eventually lead to our Savior's Passion.
St. John the Theologian alone records the raising of Lazarus, since the other Evangelists omitted it—perhaps because Lazarus was still living and able to be seen. It is said that the rest of the Gospel of John was written about the eternal begottenness of Christ, the other Evangelists including nothing about this. It is desired to believe that Christ is both the Son of God and God, that He is risen, and that there will be a resurrection of the dead. And because of the raising of Lazarus, this is especially to be believed since his resurrection is a confirmation of the universal resurrection of man. Therefore, from this event, every man who has already died is said to be a "Lazarus," and the burial garment is called a Lazaroma, for the word alludes to the remembrance of the first Lazarus. For if Lazarus was raised by the word of Christ and came back to life again, so all men, even if they have died, will rise at the last trumpet and live eternally.
Through the intercessions of Your beloved friend, St. Lazarus, О Christ our God, have mercy on us and save us. Amen.
In the Name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.
O God, be merciful to me, a sinner.
愿上帝怜恤我罪人
O Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God,
for the sake of the prayers
of Thy most pure Mother,
our holy and God-bearing fathers and all the saints, have mercy on us.
Amen.
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Blessed be God.
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