συνοδικός
April 23 / April 10
2019 (7527)
MARTYRS TERENCE, POMPEIUS, AFRICANUS, MAXIMUS, ZENO, ALEXANDER, THEODORE, AND 33 OTHERS, BEHEADED AT CARTHAGE (250). PROPHETESS HULDAH (OLDA) MARTYRS JAMES, PRESBYTER, AND AZADANES AND ABDICIUS, DEACONS, OF PERSIA (CA. 380)
HOLY WEEK: Great and Holy Tuesday • Μεγάλη Τρίτη
On this day the Church commemorates the Parable of the Ten Virgins (Matthew 25:1-13), which forms one of the themes of the first three days of Holy Week, with its teaching about vigilance, and Christ as the Bridegroom. The bridal chamber is used as a symbol not only of the Tomb of Christ, but also of the blessed state of the saved on the Day of Judgement. The theme of the Parable of the Talents (Matthew 25:14-30) is also developed in the hymns of this day.
• Hieromartyr Priest APPOLLONIUS (1st c.) and 5 Companions: GRANUS, HILARIUS, DONATUS, CONCESSUS and SATURNINUS suffered in Alexandria
• Martyrs of Rome (115) of criminals baptised by Pope Alexander during his imprisonment
While Pope Saint Alexander was imprisoned in a public jail in Rome, he preached to the criminals he found there. They were converted and baptized. Later, the criminals were taken to Ostia and put on board an old boat which was then sent out to sea and scuttled.
• Martyrs ARISTIDES, DEMARATUS, DEMOCLES, PARMENION, PHILOPIMEN, PINDARUS, POLYBIUS, PROMETHEUS, SOCRATES, THEMISTOCLES
• Martyrs PELOPIDAS, CHRONIUS, PHOCIAN, SOPHOCLES, ISOCRATES, HERACLES (Hercules), EPAMINONDAS, DEMOSTHENES, MILTIADES, HOMER
• Martyrs AFRICANUS and PERICLES
• Martyrs TERENCE 特伦提, POMPEIUS 庞彼伊, AFRICANUS 阿斐里喀诺, MAXIMUS 玛克息默, ZENO 兹诺, ALEXANDER 亚历山大, THEODORE 德奥多若, MACARIUS and 33 (50) others (249-251) imprisoned with snakes and scorpions and finally beheaded in Carthage in North Africa under Decius
Ὁ Ἅγιος Ἀφρικανός, Θεόδωρος, Μάξιμος, Πομπήιος καὶ Τερέντιος οἱ Μάρτυρες καὶ οἱ σὺν αὐτοῖς τριάντα ἐννέα Μάρτυρες
Ἀνάξαρχος, Ἀναξιμένης, Ἀριστείδης, Δημάρατος, Δημοκλής, Δημοσθένης, Διονύσιος, Ἐπαμεινώνδας, Ἐτεοκλής, Ζήνων, Ἠλίας, Ἡρακλῆς, Ἡσαΐας, Ἡφαιστίων, Θεμιστοκλῆς, Θεόφραστος, Θησεύς, Θωμᾶς, Ἰσοκράτης, Λουκᾶς, Μακάριος, Μιλτιάδης, Μνήσαρχος, Ξενοφῶν, Ὅμηρος, Παρμενίων, Πελοπίδας, Περικλῆς, Πίνδαρος, Πολύβιος, Πολύνικος, Προμηθεύς, Σοφοκλῆς, Σωκράτης, Τιμόθεος, Τίτος, Φιλοποίμην, Φωκίων καὶ Χρόνιος
特伦蒂乌斯、阿弗里卡努斯、玛尔克西姆斯、庞皮里乌斯和其他36名同他们一起的殉道者
在德西乌斯在位期间，所有这些人都为基督的缘故而遭受磨难，并得到了荣耀的冠冕。在皇帝的命令下，非洲的行政长官向人们宣布，所有的人都要向偶像献祭，违抗者将要受到刑罚。听到这些威胁之后，很多人都放弃了信仰，开始敬拜偶像。不管怎样，这40名殉道者仍然坚守信仰，由此遭受了酷刑。圣特伦蒂乌斯鼓励他的同伴说：“兄弟们，我们要坚守信仰，不能否认我们的主基督，否则在天父和圣天使面前他也不会认我们。”行政长官将他们分成两个小组。其中的36人在经受鞭打、割刮皮肉并在他们的伤口上浇灌盐水后都被斩首。特伦蒂乌斯、阿弗里卡努斯、玛尔克西姆斯、庞皮里乌斯这四人被沉重的铁链捆绑住颈部、头和脚，被投入到监狱中。上帝的天使在监狱中向他们显现，轻轻碰了铁链，铁链立即自行脱落了。之后，天使为他们准备了一个丰盛的桌子，为他们提供饮食。之后，他们又被带出来经受鞭打，而后又被投入到监狱中。之后，行政长官命令巫术师收集一大堆毒蛇和蝎子等，然后仍到他们所在的监狱中。这些毒物并没有触伤这些上帝拣选的人，而是蜷在角落里，这样呆了三天的时间。第三天，当监狱的门被打开时，这些毒蛇和蝎子冲了出去，咬伤了那些巫术师。最后，行政长官宣布判处这四人死刑。当他们被带到刑场上进行斩首时他们愉快地高唱赞美诗赞美上帝，上帝为他们荣耀殉道而赐给他们福分。这些圣人于公元250年荣耀殉道，得以进入上帝荣耀的国度。
All natives of Africa, these holy martyrs suffered for the faith under Emperor Decius (249-251). By order of Emperor Theodosius (379-395), their holy relics were placed in the martyrium of Saint Euphemia in Petra, near Constantinople.
• The Forty Martyrs of Sebaste (320)
All who live the life of grace are one in Christ. But besides this there are many special ties, resulting from community life, or at least of prayer in common and pious works. Thank God if He has bound you to others by these spiritual ties; pray that the bond which unites you here may last for eternity.
• Hieromartyrs JAMES 司祭雅各 presbyter, and deacons AZADANES 阿匝达尼 and ABDICIUS 阿布迪基 (380) of Persia
Οἱ Ἅγιοι Ἰάκωβος καὶ Ἀζᾶς οἱ Ἱερομάρτυρες
• Hosiosmartyrs Abbot BEOCCA, priestmonk HETHOR and 90 monks Companions at Chertsey (869)
In their onslaught on England, the Danes attacked monasteries in particular. They martyred Sts Beocca Abbot, Ethor monk-priest and some 90 monks at Chertsey in Surrey; at Peterborough they martyred St Abbot Hedda and others at his monastery; at Thorney, St Torthred and others.
• Hosiosmartyrs HEDDA Abbot of Peterborough in England and 84 monks of his monastery martyred by the Danes (869)
Hedda was the abbot of Peterborough (Medehampstead). He and 84 monks of his community were slain by the Danes, who that same year killed Saint Edmund of East Anglia. Hedda and his monks are venerated as martyrs, even though modern scholars believe that the motivation for the murders was booty and not the hatred of Christianity. In the later Middle Ages the "Hedda stone" stood in the cemetery over the grave of the martyrs.
• Holy Hosiosmatyrs of the Kvabtakhevi Convent, confessors men and women suffered during the invasion of Tamerlane (1386) Georgia
Οἱ Ἅγιοι ἐν Καμπτακούιᾳ τῆς Γεωργίας Μάρτυρες
Later on the blood-stains of those innocently murdered indelibly marked the walls of the church, and it was possible to be clearly seen even still at the end of the 19th century. Sacredly honouring the memory of the men and women martyrs, pilgrims at the entrance of the Kvabtakheuia monastery still remove their shoes as ordered of old.
• Newly Revealed Martyrs Archimandrite RAPHAEL 拉法伊尔, Deacon NICHOLAS 尼科拉, and child IRENE 伊里尼 of Lesbos, and ELENI (who was also called Susanna; Irene's older cousin, who had been adopted by her uncle Basil the mayor and aunt Maria, the parents of Saint Irene, after the death of her parents) and those with them (1463)
Οἱ Ἅγιοι Ραφαὴλ, Νικόλαος καὶ Εἰρήνη οἱ Μάρτυρες
• VM ANASTASIA 阿纳斯塔西亚 Abbes of Monastery of the Theophany, and her 35 Nuns VMM, in Uglich (1609)
Ἡ Ὁσία Ἀναστασία ἡγουμένη τοῦ Οὔγκλιχ
• Hosiosmartyr Abbot ARSENIUS and 6 000 Martyrs in Georgia of 12 monasteries in the wilderness of David-Garejeli (1615)
格鲁及亚的六千名殉道者
起初，在格鲁及亚的大卫－加雷日利旷野中有12座修道院，几个世纪以来，众修士们在这里潜心修行。公元1615年，波斯国王萨赫•阿巴斯一世袭击了格鲁及亚，对该地区进行了蹂躏践踏，并杀死了很多基督徒。在复活节期间的一天早晨，当萨乎•阿巴斯在山中打猎时发现了在山中有烛光。原来这烛光来自这12座修道院，修士们正手持蜡烛围绕教堂行进。当萨赫看见了这些修士时，惊异地问道：“难道在格鲁及亚还有未杀的基督徒吗？”之后，他命令士兵立即前往那里将所有的修士斩首。就在那时，上帝派出天使出现在修道院院长阿尔塞尼面前，向他通报了他们迫在眉睫的死亡。阿尔塞尼将这一消息通告了众修士。他们都领取了奥秘的圣体血，并为死亡作好了准备。突然，攻击者赶到，挡在最前面的修道院院长首先遭到杀戮，而后是其余的修士。这些修士们于公元1615年遭遇杀戮，由此得到了荣耀、不朽的冠冕。这样，这些著名的修道院在引导格鲁及亚人民达千年之后，结束了她的使命。目前仅存有两座修道院：这就是圣大卫修道院和圣前驱者约安修道院。格鲁及亚的皇帝阿尔基尔收敛了这些修士们的遗骨，将他们荣耀地安葬。时至今日，这些圣髑仍散发出芳香的圣油，并治愈无数病人。
Only 2 of the monasteries exist today: St David and St John the Forerunner.
• Venerable Martyrs of the Daou Penteli Monastery, in Penteli, by Algerian pirate raiders (17th c.)
Οἱ Ἅγιοι ἐν τῇ μονῇ Νταοὺ Πεντέλης οἱ Ὁσιομάρτυρες
Penteli (Greek: Πεντέλη) is a town and a municipality in the North Athens regional unit, Attica, Greece. It belongs to the Athens metropolitan area. It takes its name from the Penteli mountain.
• IZKRIAN (Ischyrion) and TETHANTIAN (Tifantian)
• NM Grand Duchess ELIZABETH was elevated (1910) to rank of Abbess of Sts Martha & Mary Convent
• Hieromartyr FLEGONT 弗莱艮 Pongil’skij, presbiter, archpriest (1871-1938) day of martyrdom in KZ
• Martyr DIMITRIJ 迪弥特里 Vdovin, starosta of church, member of church council (1883-1942) day of death in Sredne-Bel’skij KZ at Khabarovsk; died of pulmonary tuberculosis
• Repose of Archbishop IAKOVOS (Demetrios Koukouzis) of America (1911-2005) Archbishop of North and South America, Exarch of the Lands between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans
Archbishop Iakovos was the last Primate of the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of North and South America (now the Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America) from 1959 until his resignation in 1996. After him the Archbishop's title was limited to "Archbishop of America" instead of "Archbishop of North and South America".
May the Lord be merciful to the ever-memorable servant of God, blessed Iakovos, and give him rest in Abraham's bosom, and number him among the just.
• Martyr APOLLONIUS at Alexandria under Decius
• Martyr AUXENTIUS
• Hosiosmartyr Abbot BADEMUS (Bademe) of Persia (380) // APR 9 //
• BEDE the Younger (883) a court official, he became a monk at the monastery of Gavello near Rovigo in the north of Italy. He refused to become a bishop
Bede, a chief official at the court of the French Charles the Bald, became a Benedictine at the abbey of Gavello, near Rovigo in northern Italy. He refused several bishoprics. His relics were translated to Subiaco in the last century.
• New Hosiosmartyr monk CHRYSANTHUS 赫里桑托 of Xenophontos monastery, Mt Athos (1821)
Ὁ Ἅγιος Χρύσανθος ὁ Νεομάρτυρας ὁ Ξενοφωντινός
• New Martyr DEMOS 迪默 the Fisherman (1763) of Smyrna
Ὁ Ἅγιος Δημήτριος (ἢ Δῆμος) ὁ Νεομάρτυρας ὁ ἁλιεὺς
The Holy Martyr Dimos (Demos) was a fisherman. Because of very onerous conditions he refused to work for the Turkish owner employing him at Smyrna in the fish-business. The nasty Turk slandered Saint Dimos, saying that he had expressed a desire to accept Islam. Saint Dimos renounced this false charge and confessed himself a Christian. They locked him up in prison. While in heavy stocks for breaking his will they beat him with bricks and other sharp objects. After the execution of the martyr (10 April 1763) Christians gathered up his holy remains and reverently buried them in the church of Saint George.
Therefore, O Christian, in such a way does the beneficent God glorify those who glorify Him. May we, too, be granted divine mercy and those eternal good things of His heavenly kingdom, through the intercession of His holy martyr Demos! Amen.
• Prophet EZEKIEL (Ezechiel) (6th c. BC) one of the four major prophets of the Old Testament
Tradition says that he was put to death, while in captivity in Babylon, by one of the Jewish judges who had apostatized, and that he was buried there in the tomb of Shem. He grave was a site of pilgrimage for the early Christians.
• Bishop FULBERT of Chartres (1029) a true poet and scholar
Grew up around Rome, Italy, and known as a promising student. Studied the Benedictine abbey in Rheims, France. A favourite student of the future Pope Sylvester II, he was brought to Rome as an advisor to Sylvester. Upon the pope's death, Fulbert returned to France where he served as canon and chancellor of the diocese of Chartres, and ran the cathedral school there, which became known as a leading center of learning in France. Bishop of Chartres in 1007. Advisor to French clergy and secular leaders, including the king of France. Noted preacher and travelling bishop who went from parish to parish ensuring there was proper Christian education of his flock. Re-built the Chartres cathedral after it burned. Wrote a number of poems and hymns, many of them about the Virgin Mary, to whom he was greatly devoted. Fought simony, assigning ecclesiastical benefices to laymen, opposed bishops who acted as generals. Friend of Saint Odilo of Cluny.
• Tr.Rel. of St GERTRUDE Abs. of Nivelles (Nijvel) in Brabant (659)
• New Hieromartyr 格里高利 GREGORY V Patriarch of Constantinople (1821)
Ὁ Ἅγιος Γρηγόριος Ε’ Πατριάρχης Κωνσταντινουπόλεως
The Priestmartyr Gregory V, Patriarch of Constantinople, thrice occupied the cathedra-chair (1797-1799, 1806-1808, 1819-1821). During these times Greece found itself under the harsh Turkish yoke. Many Greek patriots lived in the hope to again win national independence. They found active and authoritative support in a brave champion for freedom of their native land -- in the holy Patriarch Gregory V. His connections with the Greek patriots came to light only when Alexander Ipsilanti with his army crossed over the River Prut against sultan Makhmul. One of the companions of the saint advised him to flee from Constantinople to Moreia. The saint answered him thus: "I sense, that the fishes of the Bosphorus will nibble at my body, but I shall die happy in the name of saving my nation". On the day of Holy Pascha, 10 April 1821, they arrested the holy Patriarch and led him out of the doors of the Patriarchate, and then they threw his body into the sea. Greek sailors noted the spot where the body of the saint was thrown, they found it, and on a ship of the Cephalonian captain Mark Sklabos under a Russian flag they sailed to Odessa. There, in the Greek church of the MostHoly Trinity, the body of the saint was buried on 19 June 1821. For dressing the remains of the priestmartyr, there was sent from Moscow vestments and a mitre with cross, which had belonged to His Holiness Patriarch Nikon (1652-1658). In 1871 at the request of the Greek authorities it was decided to transfer the relics of Sainted Gregory from Odessa to Athens for the celebration of fifty years of Greek independence. In honour of the PriestMartyr Gregory, at Athens was compiled a special service. His deed contributed to the triumph of Christianity in the rebirth of Hellas.
• HEREDNAT (Eretnatan, Erednat) of Tulach Benain, Limerick (6th c.)
• HIERETHA (also Hieritha) Abs., Chittlehampton, Devon (6th c.)
• Holy Prophetess HULDAH (Hulda, Holda, Oldama or Olda) 奥尔达 (640-609 B.C.)
Ἡ Ἁγία Ὄλδα ἡ Προφήτης
The Holy Prophetess Oldama (Huldah) lived in the first half of the 7th century before the Birth of Christ. She foretold to the 16 year old king of Judah reigning at Jerusalem, Josiah, that for his humility the Lord would put him with his forefathers and he would be at peace in the grave, and his eyes would not see all the woe, which the Lord would bring upon the land (4 (2) Kings 22: 14-20; 2 Chron. 34: 28).
• Consecration of Archimandrite IOASAPH (Ivan Bolotov) as Bishop of Kodiak, Alaska (1761-1799) a Russian Orthodox missionary
He was raised to the rank of archimandrite in 1783. When the call for assembling a missionary team to travel to remote Alaska was made, Fr Joasaph was selected to lead the team based upon his accomplishments as a monastic, the team of ten consisted of Fr Joasaph as leader, 4 hieromonks, a hierodeacon, 2 monks, and 2 servitors. He came to Alaska as the leader of a group of missionaries from the Valaam Monastery in 1794. Under very primitive conditions he and his monastic companions established the foundations of an Orthodox presence in North America. Called to Irkutsk, he was consecrated the auxiliary Bishop of Kodiak, but did not survive a shipwreck on his return to Alaska. Joasaph's consecration was unusual in that, due to the isolation of Irkutsk from the Holy Synod, the Holy Synod provided instructions for Benjamin, Bishop of Irkutsk, to perform the consecration of Fr Joasaph alone, thus was recorded the only known situation in the history of the Church of Russia where an episcopal consecration was conducted by a single bishop. Bishop Joasaph was not to reach his new see as the perils of travel in the northern seas would result in his death. Bishop Joasaph and his companions, Hieromonk Makary and Hierodeacon Stephan, perished as their ship Phoenix met with a serious storm and sank near the Alaskan coast during May 21 to 24, 1799, the ship was also carrying an important cargo of both people and supplies for the Kodiak colony. Thus, its loss seriously set back both the Orthodox mission in Alaska and the colony, the Holy Synod took no action to replace Bishop Joasaph and in 1811 officially closed the Kodiak episcopal see, it would be some thirty years before another hierarch would be named to Alaska.
• MACARIUS of Antioch and of Ghent (1012) born in Antioch, he was a bishop who travelled westwards as a pilgrim and was received by monks at the monastery of St Bavo in Ghent in Belgium
Saint Macarius is said to have been born in Antioch, Pisidia, and to have been a bishop, who travelled westward as a pilgrim. He was received by the Benedictines of Saint Bavo in Ghent, in whose hospice he died of the plague then rampant in Belgium. Saint Macarius is portrayed as a Flemish bishop with three arrowheads. He may also be shown with his mitre and crozier on the ground to symbolize his resignation of the bishopric. He is venerated at Ghent and invoked against plague.
• MAXIMUS
• MILTEADES (Melchiades the African) 弥尔特亚迪 pope of Rome (314)
Ὁ Ἅγιος Μιλτιάδης πάπας Ρώμης
Μελχιάδης ὁ Ἀφρικανός
It was during his pontificate that Emperor Constantine I issued the Edict of Milan (313), giving Christianity legal status within the Roman Empire. The Pope also received the palace of Empress Fausta where the Lateran Palace, the papal seat and residence of the papal administration, would be built, at the Lateran Council, during the schism with the Church of Carthage, Miltiades condemned the rebaptism of apostatised bishops and priests, a teaching of Donatus Magnus.
• Sainted NOTGER (Notker) Bishop of of Liège (Lüttich) in Belgium (1008)
• PALLADIUS (661) Abbot of St Germanus in Auxerre in France, he became bishop there and founded several monasteries
• Great Martyr SABBAS the Goth (333-372) in the area of modern Romania
He was a Goth converted to Christianity in his youth and became a lector in Targoviste, Romania, to a priest named Sansala. He survived several persecutions of the local Church under the pagan Goths, but finally was seized with Sansala by a group of Gothic soldiers and ordered to eat meat which had been sacrificed to idols. Brutally tortured with several other Christians, Sabas was finally drowned in the Mussovo River, near Targoviste. About 50 others were put to death with him.
• THEONAS Metropolitan of Thessaloniki // APR 4 //
Μνήμη Θαύματος Ἁγίου Μηνᾶ στὸ Ἡράκλειο Κρήτης
Άγιος Μηνάς
Mina was his original name, according to the story his mother called him "Mēna" because she heard a voice saying amēn. Minas (Μηνας) is how he is known in Greek, while in Armenian and Arabic he is known as "Mīna". Saint Minas or Menas was born in Egypt in the mid-3rd century AD to idolatrous parents, but became a Christian in adolescence. When he came of age, he decided to follow a career in the Roman army and served as a cavalry officer in Asia Minor. In 303 AD began the great persecution of the Christians under the Emperors Diocletian and Maximian, which lasted until 311 AD. Roman soldiers were ordered to arrest and torture Christians to make them renounce their faith. St Minas, true to his faith, resigned from the Roman army and lived as a hermit in the mountains. When he was about 50 years of age, a divine vision revealed that the time had come for him to suffer martyrdom. He left the safety of the mountains and went down to the city, where he declared his faith before the idolaters. He was arrested, imprisoned and horribly tortured. He was whipped, flayed and dragged naked along a road of sharp stones. Despite his horrific martyrdom, the saint refused to renounce his faith and was eventually beheaded. Saint Minas was declared the patron saint of Heraklion during the Turkish period. The difference of religion between Cretans and Turks led to Muslim acts of violence against the Christians. Tradition has it that on Easter Sunday 1826, when the Christians were gathered in church attending the Resurrection service, a Muslim mob plotted to slaughter them. An aged officer on horseback, resembling their fiercest warrior, Ayan Agha, intervened, calming and dispersing the mob. The Christians attributed the appearance of the rider to a miracle of St Minas, believing that it was he, rather than Ayan Agha, who had appeared to the Turks. Even if the Turks were right, however, and the rider was not St Minas, it would have been a miracle for the Turkish persecutor of the Christians to act as their protector at the last moment.
In the Name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit.
O God, be merciful to me, a sinner.
愿上帝怜恤我罪人
O Lord Jesus Christ, Son of God,
for the sake of the prayers
of Thy most pure Mother,
our holy and God-bearing fathers and all the saints, have mercy on us.
Amen.
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Blessed be God.
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